O Definition Primarily a feature of certain sentences, e.g., of many ascriptions of propositional attitudes. The truth of such ascriptions does not systematically depend on the truth or falsity of the proposition involved. Consider the following two belief-ascriptions: “Mary believes that 1 + 1 = 2” and “Mary believes that 2756 + 488 = 3244.” Even though both propositions (“1 + 1 = 2” and “2756...

this article is to find an answer to the what and how of society with reference to the works of ayatollah motahhari. in addition, other moslem scholars' answers to the question are presented and compared to those of ayatollah motahhari and finally evaluated. the writer believes that though motahhari's reasoning for the existence of society is problematic, his justification for the pos...

influencing and being influenced as a result of contact and communication of the nations has created many manifestations of culture and art in the history which architecture is one of. the roots and symbols of the french architecture and their impact on american complex architecture can be seen and looked for from the time of arrival of the french to the soil of the american land. the impact of...

the article presented here deals with the issue of takfīr (accusing others of apostasy), which is an intellectual complexity in the world of islam. in this respect, a survey of the historical roots of takfīr as a phenomenon and its development course in regard to the originating context and the factors and roots of it occurrence, comprises the main approach to this topic. the article demonstrat...