O ver the years I have gotten into trouble more than a few times for things I have written or said in public, but I suppose the chief cause of my notoriety is a speech I gave to the freshmen of Yale College suggesting that they would be wise to make the study of Western civilization the center of their pursuit of a liberal education. In that speech I focused on our needs as Americans. I pointed...

The roots of modern science and history of urinary stone disease go back to the Ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamia. Hippocrates defined the symptoms of bladder stones. The first recorded details of "perineal lithotomy" were those of Cornelius Celsus. Ancient Arabic medicine was based mainly on classical Greco-Roman works. Interestingly, the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 forbade physicians from ...

the first years of russian marching to transoxiana were not the climax of their authority. some of the reformist advocates tended to proceed inside the country after the defeating crimea (1854). the idea even permeated among the greater community. these groups wanted to establish liberal institutions and constitutional government as those of european countries. alexander the second, the new tsa...