Copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin films were deposited from homogeneous solutions of precursors and directly onto conductive films via selective thermolysis by microwave heating. Microwave energy is absorbed strongly by conductive films, which enables preferential heating to a sufficiently high temperature for the deposition of CZTS exclusively on the conductive layer without homogeneous nucl...

Constant temperature and pressure molecular-dynamics simulations in conjunction with constant pressure and enthalpy simulations, designed to examine the threshold behavior in laser ablation, demonstrate that the rate of homogeneous nucleation (explosive boiling) increases sharply in a very narrow temperature range at approximately 90% of the critical temperature. Moreover, the homogeneous nucle...

Extraction and separation of proteins is important for their interesting applications as continuous enzymatic reaction and/or product separation systems. In this work, a new highly efficient homogeneous capture and heterogeneous liquid–liquid separation strategy is presented for the extraction of proteins from aqueous solution by PEG (poly(ethylene glycol))-functionalized ionic liquids, which h...

A novel and environmentally benign approach is described to combine reactions and separations, using simultaneously ionic liquids (ILs) and supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2). The novel approach is based on the phenomenon that two (partially) immiscible liquid phases upon pressurization with CO2 is able to force to form one homogeneous fluid phase. The homogeneous phase allows reactions to be...

A new, simple and reliable extractive-spectrophotometric method for the preconcentration and determination of diclofenac (DCF) was developed. In a strong nitric acid medium, diclofenac produced a yellowish compound in a water / tetrahydrofuran / perfluorooctanoic acid homogeneous phase that could be extracted into a sedimented microdroplet. The concentration of the extracted colored compound in...

This report describes a procedure by which high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) techniques are used to obtain homogeneous S-antigen. Conventionally prepared S-antigen was purified further by fractionation on the anion exchange Mono-Q column followed by gel filtration on a TSK-3000 column. This procedure produced an S-antigen preparation, which appeared homogeneous by gel electrophores...

The synthesis of magnetically separable quasi-homogeneous base catalyst and heterogeneous base catalyst is described. The quasi-homogeneous catalyst is achieved by supporting silane monomers functionalized with different amine groups directly on the surface of magnetite nanoparticles. The heterogeneous catalyst is prepared via a sol-gel process in which silane monomers containing different amin...

BACKGROUND At present, the study on the homogeneous-phase derivatization of cellulose in ionic liquid is mainly focused on its acetylation. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no such report on the preparation of cellulose-tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (CDMPC) with ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (AmimCl) so far. RESULTS With ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidaz...