We find that VC-backed firms receiving their initial investment in hot markets are less likely to IPO, but conditional on going public are valued higher on the day of their IPO, have more patents and have more citations to their patents. Our results suggest that VCs invest in riskier and more innovative startups in hot markets (rather than just worse firms). This is true even for the most exper...

I this study, aluminum sheets with three different notch depths were repaired carbon/epoxy and e-glass/epoxy composites than investigated experimentally for their response to Charpy impact. [90/45/-45] oriented triaxial fabrics used in patch reinforcement materials. Composite laminates performed [90/45/-45/45/-45/90] orientation by placing these axial on top each other. Hand lay-up technique wa...

A new approach to thermal analysis is described that combines microscopy, a temperature controlled stage and image analysis. It is shown how images acquired using a hot stage microscope can be analysed by a robust algorithm that tracks how structures change as a sample is heated; we call this new method thermal analysis by structural characterisation or TASC. We present an overview of how it ca...

Generating transgenic mice using fertilized egg cells Purified experimental DNA is directly injected into the male pronucleus of a fertilized mouse egg using a microscope-mounted manipulator and microneedle. The three essential instruments for embryo injection are an inverted microscope with stage magnification of 400X, a micromanipulator-mounted negative pressure holding pipette (left) and a m...

Water droplets condensing on solidified phase change materials such as benzene and cyclohexane near their melting point show in-plane jumping and continuous "crawling" motion. The jumping drop motion has been tentatively explained as an outcome of melting and refreezing of the materials surface beneath the droplets and can be thus considered as an inverted Leidenfrost-like effect (in the classi...

The short working distance of compound microscope lenses in many cases prevents microelectrode penetrations of cells perpendicular to the cell surface. Bending electrodes very near their tips removes this constraint. A method is described for bending glass microelectrodes with a hot filament while their tips are immersed in a water drop. Immersion protects the fine electrode tips from the heat ...

The effects of temperature and pre-strain levels on the stress relaxation behavior corresponding microstructural evolutions Ti-6Al-4V alloys have been investigated experimentally numerically in this study. A series tests (stress (SR) repeated (RSR)) observations (scanning electron microscope) performed, based which deformation-related variables, i.e., component activation energy, as a function ...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the progressive processes of polymorphic transformation of different gabapentin (GBP) polymorphs by using hot-stage Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy. METHODS Four polymorphs of GBP were previously prepared and then identified by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, FTIR microspectroscopy and...