preparing thermal comfort conditions in outdoor public spaces is one of the considerations of architectural design. if the constructed area does not support comfortable conditions in outdoor spaces, it will cause microclimatic problems for pedestrians and adjacent buildings. regarding the different thermal comfort conditions in outdoor spaces in comparison with indoor, several indices have been...

In this article, we propose a parametric bootstrap (PB) test for testing main, simple and interaction effects in heteroscedastic two-way MANOVA models under multivariate normality. The PB test is shown to be invariant under permutation-transformations, and affinetransformations, respectively.Moreover, the PB test is independent of the choice ofweights used to define the parameters uniquely. The...

The conventional approach for testing the equality of two normal mean vectors is to test first the equality of covariance matrices, and if the equality assumption is tenable, then use the two-sample Hotelling T (2) test. Otherwise one can use one of the approximate tests for the multivariate Behrens-Fisher problem. In this article, we study the properties of the Hotelling T (2) test, the conven...

This article analyzes the analogue ofHotellingls duopoly model when products are dejned by two characteristics. Using the assumptions of the original model of Hotelling, we show that demand and projt functions are continuous for a wide class of utility functions. When the utilityfunction is linear in the Euclidean distance in the space of characteristics, a noncooperative equilibrium in prices ...

In this paper we study variations of the standard Hotelling-Downs model of spatial competition, where each agent attracts the clients in a restricted neighborhood, each client randomly picks one attractive agent for service. Two utility functions for agents are considered: support utility and winner utility. We generalize the results by Feldman et al. to the case where the clients are distribut...