Background: The northeast of Iran is one the endemic regions human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1). This study aimed to evaluate relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and HTLV-1 infection in Iran, an area for HTLV-1. Methods: In this case-control study, paraffin-embedded tissue samples patients with definitive were evaluated presence genome by polymerase chain reaction retrosp...

human t-cell lymphotropic virus type-i (htlv-i) was the first human retrovirus associated with malignancy.  the prevalence of htlv-i infection varies significantly in different regions of the world.  in this study, the prevalence of htlv-i infection among ethnic jews living in shiraz, south of iran, was investigated. 286 blood samples were obtained.  htlv-1 antibody assay on serum samples was d...

HTLV-1 is a retrovirus associated with a myriad of clinical conditions, especially hematological and neurological ones. Regarding nervous system diseases, it is of utmost importance to select those cases in which HTLV-1 infection could really be associated. This is particularly true for patients from endemic areas and for HIV-infected patients and drug users, since that these groups are at a hi...

BACKGROUND In Brazil, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and type II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) are co-circulating and possess approximately 65% homology, which results in high cross-reactivity in serological tests. Based on the detection of EIA and Western blot (WB) tests, HTLV serodiagnosis yields indeterminate results in high-risk population, with the true determination of HTLV-II prevalence r...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is endemic in Japan and several countries in South America, Caribbean and Africa. Endocrine and metabolic disorders have been variably reported to be associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Therefore, the aim of this article was to critically evaluate the current knowledge of the endocrine and metabolic disorde...

BACKGROUND In an earlier study, we detected an association between human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection and cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) in indigenous Amazonian Peruvian women of the Shipibo-Konibo ethnic group. As both HTLV and HPV can be transmitted sexually, we now report a population-based study examining the prevalence and risk factors for HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection in ...

HTLV-1 infection has a worldwide distribution but the majority of patients infected by the virus are in Africa, Central and South American and in the Southern of Japan [1]. The HTLV-1 associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) are the main diseases related to the virus but they occur in less than 5% of infected subjects [2]. However, nowadays...

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and with a chronic degenerative myelopathy. However, another major type of HTLV, HTLV-II, has been isolated only sporadically, and little is known of disease associations, transmission routes, and risk factors for HTLV-II infection. Recent studies indicate that a high percentage of certain groups of i.v...

BACKGROUND High human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I provirus load (VL) has been associated with an increased risk of HTLV-associated myelopathy, but little is known about variation in HTLV-I or -II VLs by demographic characteristics and risk behaviors. METHODS We measured HTLV-I and HTLV-II VLs in a large cohort of 127 HTLV-I-seropositive and 328 HTLV-II-seropositive former blood donors, by u...

The main mode of mother-to-child transmission the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-1 is through breastfeeding. Although most reliable nutritional regimen to prevent HTLV-1 exclusive formula feeding, a recent meta-analysis revealed that short-term breastfeeding within 90 days does not increase risk infection. protocol Japanese Health, Labor, and Welfare Science Research Group primarily recomme...