In a large pedigree of Caribbean origin with adult polycystic kidney disease, linkage has been established to the 3'HVR probe on chromosome 16. Although there are five different fathers in this pedigree, only one of whom was available for DNA analysis, the polymorphic nature of 3'HVR has enabled gene tracking to be carried out. The same allele cosegregates with the disease in every affected fam...

BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that red blood cell aggregation and the ratio of hematocrit to blood viscosity (HVR), an index of the oxygen transport potential of blood, might considerably modulate blood flow dynamics in the microcirculation. It thus seems likely that these factors could play a role in sickle cell disease. DESIGN AND METHODS We compared red blood cell aggregation charact...

H5N1 virus infection results in ~60% mortality in patients primarily due to respiratory failure, but the underlying causes of mortality are unclear. The goal of this study is to reveal respiratory disorders occurring at the early stage of infection that may be responsible for subsequent respiratory failure and death. BALB/c mice were intranasally infected with one of two H5N1 virus strains: HK4...

TO THE EDITOR: Drs. Teppema and Berendsen (7) raise several points that highlight the complexity in interpreting how acetazolamide (AZ) and other carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors alter breathing at high altitude and prevent acute mountain sickness (AMS). To the point that AZ does not increase hypoxic sensitivity of the peripheral chemoreceptors in man and, in fact, depresses it somewhat—this ...

This study examined whether time of day and repeated exposure to intermittent hypoxia have an impact on the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) and ventilatory long-term facilitation (vLTF). Thirteen participants with sleep apnea were exposed to twelve 4-min episodes of isocapnic hypoxia followed by a 30-min recovery period each day for 10 days. On days 1 (initial day) and 10 (final day) partici...

KRas4B (henceforth called KRas) is a small GTPase that regulates activation of variety signaling pathways, including the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, leading to cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Activation these pathways dependent on nucleotide-bound state KRas: GTP-bound KRas “turns on” while GDP-bound off” signaling. Interestingly, only one three Ras isoforms interacts with Ca2+-boun...

the last two decades have seen a massive growth in the application of dna technology in histocompatibility and immunogenetics. this review summarises the history and application of dna methods in this area.