Tolerance to IE molecules leads to deletion of V beta 17a-bearing T cells. Both, the CD4+ as well as the CD8+ T cell subsets are affected. A large percentage of CD4+ V beta 17a+ T cell hybrids recognize IE molecules. We now have investigated the reactivity for IE antigens of CD8+ V beta 17a+ T cell hybrids. Using a transfection approach, we have introduced the murine CD8 molecule into different...

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), is an important insect pest of corn, Zea mays L., crop in Moghan region. In field experiments, the density of eggs and larvae of O.nubilalis and percentage of eggs and larvae parasitisms were studied on four corn hybrids NS704 (commercial cultivar), NS770, NS640 and MV524 (cultivars with high yield). Furthermore, i...

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), is an important insect pest of corn, Zea mays L., crop in Moghan region. In field experiments, the density of eggs and larvae of O.nubilalis and percentage of eggs and larvae parasitisms were studied on four corn hybrids NS704 (commercial cultivar), NS770, NS640 and MV524 (cultivars with high yield). Furthermore, i...

Tropical butterflies in the genus Heliconius have long been models in the study of the stages of speciation. Heliconius are unpalatable to predators, and many species are notable for multiple geographic populations with striking warning colour pattern differences associated with Müllerian mimicry. A speciation continuum is evident in Heliconius hybrid zones. Examples range from hybrid zones acr...

BACKGROUND Strong evidence supports the DC-tumor fusion hybrid vaccination strategy, but the best fusion product components to use remains controversial. Fusion products contain DC-tumor fusion hybrids, unfused DCs and unfused tumor cells. Various fractions have been used in previous studies, including purified hybrids, the adherent cell fraction or the whole fusion mixture. The extent to which...

one of the most effective ways to deal with drought stress and increase water use efficiency is the development of drought-tolerant varieties which display less reduction in yield per unit water reduction. therefore, the breeding of diploid pollinators was considered as an essential measure for producing drought-tolerant hybrids. in this study, from 4 diploid pollinator populations, 45 half-sib...

A predictive model is proposed that quantitatively describes the synergistic behavior of the electrical conductivities of CNTs and graphene in CNT:graphene hybrids. The number of CNT-to-CNT, graphene-to-graphene, and graphene-to-CNT contacts is calculated assuming a random distribution of CNTs and graphene particles in the hybrids and using an orientation density function. Calculations reveal t...

Recent empirical studies suggest that genes involved in speciation are often sex-linked. We derive a general analytic model of reinforcement to study the effects of sex linkage on reinforcement under three forms of selection against hybrids: one-locus, two-locus, and ecological incompatibilities. We show that the pattern of sex linkage can have a large effect on the amount of reinforcement due ...

Here we demonstrate the optical features of fabricated inorganic-organic hybrid multiple quantum well (IO-MQW) structure, Cyclohexenyl ethyl ammonium lead iodide, (C6H9C2H4NH3)2PbI4 (CHPI). These hybrids possess strongly-resonant optical features, thermally stable and are compatible with hybrid photonics assembly. Room-temperature strong-coupling is observed when these hybrids are straightforwa...