New approach in classification of integrable hydrodynamic chains is established. This is the method of the Hamiltonian hydrodynamic reductions. Simultaneously, this approach yields explicit Hamiltonian hydrodynamic reductions of the Hamiltonian hydrodynamic chains. The concept of reducible Poisson brackets is established. Also this approach is useful for non-Hamiltonian hydrodynamic chains. The...

The general objective of the work underway is to develop a baseline characterization of the spatial and temporal variability in optical/acoustical water properties for tropical island environments in response to variations in physical forcing. OBJECTIVES Specifically, the project aims to address the following questions:-What are the dominant space and time scales for variability in optical and ...

The effects of initial state fluctuations on elliptic flow are investigated within a (3 + 1)-dimensional Boltzmann + hydrodynamics transport approach. The spatial eccentricity ( RP and part) is calculated for initial conditions generated by a hadronic transport approach (ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics). Elliptic flow results as a function of impact parameter, beam energy, and tran...

The present paper deals with the methods for the evaluation of the hydroelastic interactions that appear during the violent sloshing impacts inside the tanks of liquefied natural gas carriers. The complexity of both the fluid flow and the structural behaviour (containment system and ship structure) does not allow for a fully consistent direct approach according to the present state of the art. ...

The surface and hydrodynamic forces between individual oil droplets in solution can provide insight into both emulsion stability and processes such as drop coalescence in liquid-liquid extraction. We present the first measurements of the interaction forces between alkane droplets in aqueous solution using atomic force microscopy. The radii of the droplets were well below the capillary lengths f...

A methodology associated with the simulation of tidal range projects through a coastal hydrodynamic model is discussed regarding its capabilities and limitations. Particular focus is directed towards the formulations imposed for the representation of hydraulic structures and the corresponding model boundary conditions. Details of refinements are presented that would be applicable in representin...

We discuss the structure of water at hydrophobic interfaces from the standpoint of its impact on electrokinetic phenomena in microfluidic devices fabricated from hydrophobic polymers such as Teflon or Zeonor. Water structuring at hydrophobic interfaces has been described as a source of interfacial charge (see Part 1, this issue), and dewetting phenomena, whether via depletion layers or nanobubb...

Grid devices with a terminal wall barrier have been widely used for dissipation of energy load of water piped from the outfall works of artificial reservoirs. The satisfactory results obtained have led to the commitment to usage of such devices, with good results even in the case of mudflows for which design criteria were suggested. In this study, the experimental results of an evaluation of pr...

Animal cells are affected by hydrodynamic forces that occur in culture vessel, transfer piping, and recovery operations such as microfiltration. Depending on the type, intensity, and duration of the force, and the specifics of the cell, the force may induce various kinds of responses in the subject cells. Both biochemical and physiological responses are observed, including apoptosis and purely ...

Although small nematodes significantly impact human and animal health, agriculture, and ecology, little is known about the role of hydrodynamics in their life cycles. Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model undulatory microswimmer, we have observed that animals are attracted to and swim along surfaces. The attraction to surfaces does not require mechanosensory neuron function. In d...