We analyze the speciication of a hydroelectric power plant by ENEL (the Italian Electric Company). Our goal is to show that for the speciication of the plant (its control system in particular) some given properties hold. We were provided with an informal speciication of the plant. From such informal speciication we wrote a formal speciication using the CCS/Meije process algebra formalism. We de...

This work focuses on the deterministic optimization of short-term scheduling for hydroelectric power generation. The proposed methodology builds on a detailed mathematical programming model by considering the topological, reservoir, and plant constraints, and by representing the hydro production by an accurate function. The formulation results in a non-convex MINLP problem. A deterministic opti...

Zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, is a biofouling organism that lives generally in freshwater ecosystems. Zebra mussel infestation has occurred at various freshwater structures and systems including raw water intakes, industrial and domestic distribution pipelines, and hydropower facilities at its native regions as well as distant locations. A study was conducted to perform risk assessment an...

Energy generated by the force of water in hydropower can provide a more sustainable, non-polluting alternative to fossil fuels, along with other renewable sources of energy, such as wind, solar and tidal power, bio energy and geothermal energy. Small scale hydroelectricity in Iran is well suited for “off-grid” rural electricity applications, while other renewable energy sources, such as wind, s...