Three geographic information system GIS -based distributed hydrological models were developed for flood simulation and forecasting in a subbasin of the Yellow River. A grid-and-topography-based distributed hydrological physical model, i.e., the GTOPMODEL model, is described that includes vegetation and root interception, evapotranspiration, and runoff generation via the saturation excess mechan...

[1] Most cities rely on firm water supply capacity to meet demand, but increasing scarcity and supply costs are encouraging greater use of temporary transfers (e.g., spot leases, options). This raises questions regarding how best to coordinate the use of these transfers in meeting cost and reliability objectives. This paper combines a hydrologic–water market simulation with an optimization appr...

Conceptual hydrologic models are useful tools as they provide an interpretable representation of the hydrologic behaviour of a catchment. Their representation of catchment’s hydrological processes and physical characteristics, however, implies simplification of the complexity and heterogeneity of reality. As a result, those models often 5 show a lack of flexibility in reproducing the vast spect...

[1] The aim of this paper is to foster the development of an end-to-end uncertainty analysis framework that can quantify satellite-based precipitation estimation error characteristics and to assess the influence of the error propagation into hydrological simulation. First, the error associated with the satellite-based precipitation estimates is assumed as a nonlinear function of rainfall space-...

The numerical method for estimating soil moisture transport coefficients in land surface models (LSMs) is evaluated through comparison to a weighted-average method based on successive steady states [Warrick, 1991] and a proposed new scheme [Dong and Wang, 1997]. The focus is on situations with large gradients of soil moisture. The reference cases used to evaluate the performance of the various ...

The study has shown the integration of SWAT with GIS and remote sensing tool are helpful analyze and evaluate spatiotemporal land use/cover dynamics. It has also shown that Arc SWAT is an effective tool in analyzing the impacts of land use/cover changes on stream flow in areas with limited readily available data. The study also revealed that Hydrologic simulation models are very essential way u...

This short communication paper presents recommendations for developing scale-appropriate monitoring and modelling strategies to assist decision making in natural resource management (NRM). These ideas presented here were discussed in the session (S5) ‘Monitoring strategies and scale-appropriate hydrologic and biogeochemical modelling for natural resource management’ session at the 2008 Internat...

In this paper, we analyze dynamics of runoff data from actual hydrologic station on the basis of the chaos theory. Through analyzing Characteristics of power spectrum, geometric structure of attractors and calculating Lyapunov index, it confirmed that actual runoff has chaos dynamics behavior. Local prediction model based on chaotic runoff data is inferior for heavy computation load and poor ac...

Monthly composites of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI), derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVILRR), were transformed linearly into monthly evaporation rates and compared with detailed hydrologic-model simulation results for five watersheds across the United States. Model-simulated monthly evapora...