Understanding the interactions of nanomaterials with the immune system is essential for the engineering of new macromolecular systems for in vivo applications. Systematic study of immune activation is challenging due to the complex structure of most macromolecular probes. We present here the use of engineered gold nanoparticles to determine the sole effect of hydrophobicity on the immune respon...

The influence of microwave treatment on the surface roughness, hydrophobicity, and chemical composition of galena was studied. The pure galena specimens and purified galena concentrate were used in this work. A conventional multi-modal oven (with a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a maximum power of 900 W) was used to conduct the experiments. The results obtained from the atomic-force microscopy analy...

In this assay, the evaluation of lipophilicity of four ACE-inhibitors and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) with RP-TLC on cellulose layers was described using three binary solvent systems. The selected ACE inhibitors had sufficiently different structures which can indicate the method suitability for their lipophilicity evaluation as the model substances in comparison with HCTZ. In addition, the linea...

The role of hydrophobicity in the attachment of enteropathogens to gastrointestinal mucosa is controversial. In vitro binding of Escherichia coli RDEC-1 to rabbit intestine is dependent on the expression of pili. We examined in vitro adherence of piliated RDEC-1 after altering either the hydrophobicity of the organisms, the hydrophobicity of the substrate for attachment, or the surface tension ...

Characterisation of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) is of outmost importance for the assessment of the potential risks arising from their extensive use. NMs display indeed a large variety of physico-chemical properties that drastically affect their interaction with biological systems. Among them, hydrophobicity is an important property that is nevertheless only slightly covered by the current ph...

The equilibrium binding of the apolar fluorescent dye 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulphonate (ANS) to bacteriorhodopsin, BSA, chicken egg lysozyme, ovalbumin, porcine somatotrophin (PST) and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNAase) was quantitatively evaluated using Scatchard- and Klotz-plot analyses. On the basis of the average association constant for ANS binding sites (Ka), the proteins could be r...

Exposure of Listeria innocua to acid and starvation stress decreases sensitivity to the quaternary ammonium compound cetrimide, whereas exposure to cold and heat stress increases sensitivity to this compound. Changes in membrane lipids occur in response to certain types of stress, and these changes likely impact cell sensitivity to chemical sanitizers. The present study included an assessment o...

Misfolded proteins present an escalating deleterious challenge to cells over the course of their lifetime. One mechanism the cell possesses to prevent misfolded protein accumulation is their destruction by protein quality control (PQC) degradation systems. In eukaryotes, PQC degradation typically proceeds via multiple ubiquitin-protein ligases that act throughout the cell to ubiquitinate misfol...

The objective of this study is to determine whether DNA signature recovery of Bacillus anthracis strains from different environmental substrates correlates with pathogen cell surface hydrophobicity and induction of host cell death. We compared recovery of DNA signatures from a panel of B. anthracis strains collected from two environmental substrates, non-porous surfaces and soil, using real-tim...

Hydrophobicity is an important property of chemical compounds. The logarithm the partition coefficient in 1-octanol/water (log P or log Pow) commonly used as index hydrophobicity. highly hydrophobic compounds which have large values may accumulate environment, causing general toxicity for wild organisms. In this paper, relationships aquatic and bioconcentration with another hydrophobicity index...