One approach to enhance the disinfection of root canals in endodontic treatment is ultrasonic irrigation with sodium hypochlorite. Reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radical, are generated by biological defense systems to kill invading bacteria. Ultrasonic irrigation with hydrogen peroxide may be a promising option to increase hydroxyl radical generation. We examined the bactericidal eff...

We have recently shown that increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation is involved in hypoxia-ischemia (HI)-mediated neonatal brain injury. H2O2 can react with free iron to form the hydroxyl radical, through Fenton Chemistry. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine if there was a role for the hydroxyl radical in neonatal HI brain injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. ...

The initiation of lipid peroxidation by Fe2+ and H2O2 (Fenton's reagent) is often proposed to be mediated by the highly reactive hydroxyl radical. Using Fe2+, H2O2, and phospholipid liposomes as a model system, we have found that lipid peroxidation, as assessed by malondialdehyde formation, is not initiated by the hydroxyl radical, but rather requires Fe3+ and Fe2+. EPR spin trapping with 5,5-d...

The iron-catalysed production of hydroxyl radicals, by rat liver microsomes (microsomal fractions), assessed by the oxidation of substrate scavengers and ethanol, displayed a biphasic response to the concentration of O2 (varied from 3 to 70%), reaching a maximal value with 20% O2. The decreased rates of hydroxyl-radical generation at lower O2 concentrations correlates with lower rates of produc...

A terbium probe for the selective time-gated detection of hydroxyl radical is presented. This probe demonstrates high sensitivity with an 11.0-fold increase in time-gated luminescence intensity for an hour-long exposure to hydroxyl radical concentration in the femtomolar range, and high selectivity for HO* over other reactive oxygen species.

The free radical scavenging potential of the plant Alocasia indica(Linn.) was studied by using different antioxidant models of screening like scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical, nitric oxide radical, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, iron chelating activity, total antioxidant capacity, non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin, rapid screening for antioxidant compou...

The concentrations of ROS were measured in samples of the sensorimotor brain cortex and in the rat blood. We measured the following parameters: The six lines spectra, nitroxide radical, free hydroxyl radical and singleton oxygen. Their concentration was measured under physiological conditions, after the nociceptive stimulation and after the application of melatonin, both in normal and stimulate...

Hydroxyl radicals have been generated from hydrogen peroxide and superoxide (produced with xanthine oxidase), and an iron (EDTA) catalyst, and detected with deoxyribose, or in some cases with benzoate or alpha-keto-gamma-methiolbutyric acid. Purified myeloperoxidase, and neutrophils stimulated with fMet-Leu-Phe and cytochalasin B, strongly inhibited this hydroxyl radical production in a concent...