I read with interest Rabbani et al’s paper entitled “Dental problems in hypophosphatemic rickets, a cross sectional study” in the fourth issue of Iran J Pediatr 2012[1]. Clinical oral manifestations of hypophosphatemic rickets often include premature tooth exfoliation, hypoplastic enamel and dental infections. Apical rarefaction, rickety bone trabeculation and absent or abnormal lamina dura are...

BackgroundRickets is a disorder due to impaired metabolism of bone mineralization which caused by low concentrations of extra-cellular calcium or phosphate. In children, hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) happen malabsorption of phosphate and increasing of renal tubular loss.Case Presentation We present the case of a 4-year-old girl who had medical history of HR with failure to thrive (FTT). Child h...

X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets is a monogenic disease, characterized by hyperphosphaturia and hypophosphatemia. Due to its rarity wide phenotypic variability, diagnostic delay common in rickets. Short stature, limb deformities, dental anomalies, craniosynostosis chronic pain are this disease. Recently, burosumab, monoclonal antibody anti-fibroblast growth factor 23, was approved for the trea...

Schimmelpenning syndrome (SS) is characterised by specific skin manifestations, skeletal defects, and central nervous system abnormalities. Here, the SS is briefly reviewed, and the oral and dental manifestations are described in a patient whose medical findings were previously published and included severe hypophosphatemic rickets. Significant oral and dental features included papillomatous le...

Chronic hypophosphatemia is one major cause of rickets and osteomalacia in growing children (see Preface of this volume). There are acquired and congenital forms. In most instances, the acquired forms can be controlled by acting on the underlying cause (insufficient phosphate intake, increased renal loss secondary to a mesenchymal tumor, or an altered renal tubular function). The inherited synd...