For P a poset or lattice, let Id(P ) denote the poset, respectively, lattice, of upward directed downsets in P, including the empty set, and let id(P ) = Id(P )−{∅}. This note obtains various results to the effect that Id(P ) is always, and id(P ) often, “essentially larger” than P. In the first vein, we find that a poset P admits no <-respecting map (and so in particular, no one-to-one isotone...

This paper shows that any compactly generated lattice is a subdirect product of subdirectly irreducible lattices which are complete and upper continuous. An example of a compactly generated lattice which cannot be subdirectly decomposed into subdirectly irreducible compactly generated lattices is given. In the case of an ideal lattice of a lattice L, the decomposition into subdirectly irreducib...

This paper studies the behavior of sequences in the maximal ideal space of the algebra of bounded analytic functions on an arbitrary domain. The main result states that for any such sequence, either the sequence has an interpolating subsequence or infinitely many elements of the sequence lie in the same Gleason part. Introduction Fix a positive integer N and fix a nonempty open subset Q. of C ....

This paper studies the behavior of sequences in the maximal ideal space of the algebra of bounded analytic functions on an arbitrary domain. The main result states that for any such sequence, either the sequence has an interpolating subsequence or infinitely many elements of the sequence lie in the same Gleason part. Introduction Fix a positive integer N and fix a nonempty open subset Q. of C ....

conclusions in treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures in middle-aged patients internal fixation with locking plates may be prefered to pin and plaster as the treatment of choice. results sf-36 test demonstrated a better general health (p < 0.001), mental health (p = 0.006), physical functioning (p < 0.001), social functioning (p < 0.001) and energy/fatigue (p < 0.001) in lcp group...

In this paper we give a motivation for the shrinking rate 1/ √ n: Let p0 and qn be the outlier probability under the ideal model, and some member of a neighborhood about this ideal model of radius rn, respectively. Assuming n i.i.d. observations, the critical rate of rn may be de ned such that the minimax test for outlier probability qn = p0 vs. qn > p0 has asymptotic error probabilities bounde...

Despite nearly two decades of research, the absence of ideal flexible and transparent electrodes has been the largest obstacle in realizing flexible and printable electronics for future technologies. Here we report the fabrication of 'polymer-metal hybrid electrodes' with high-performance properties, including a bending radius <1 mm, a visible-range transmittance>95% and a sheet resistance <10 ...

Small sets. We are going to present some results of the following type: under a suitable assumption on a normed space X, each continuous convex function, defined on an open convex set A ⊂ X, is (Gâteaux or Fréchet) differentiable outside a set which is in some sense small. It is natural to ask that a nonempty family S ⊂ 2X whose elements are considered “small sets” satisfy the following conditi...

Consider I ⊂ C[x1, . . . , xm], a zero dimensional complete intersection ideal, with I = (f1, . . . , fm). Assume that I has clusters of roots, each cluster of radius at most ε in the ∞-norm. We compute the “approximate radical” of I, i.e. an ideal which contains one root for each cluster, corresponding to the center of gravity of the points in the cluster, up to an error term asymptotically bo...

During current ramp-up discharges, highly localized magnetohydrody-namic (MHD) fluctuations were observed on the electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostics of Alcator C-Mod tokamak [I. The electron temperature profile was hollow, while the density profile was weakly decreasing. Assuming that the equilibration time was short enough to quickly thermalize ions the pressure profile was also foun...