Evidence shows that luteinising hormone (LH) participates in enhancing the transition from early to antral stage of folliculogenesis. Functional LH receptor was demonstrated be expressed, albeit at a very low level, even smaller follicles during phase traditionally considered gonadotropin-independent suggesting role for accelerating rate progression non-growing and primary preantral/antral stag...

Heart failure and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are the most frequent clinical problems encountered in patients with juvenile idiopathic hemochromatosis (JIH). In this context, amenorrhea is one of the first symptoms in female patients, and hormone therapy must be added to phlebotomy to restore menstrual cycles. Here we report the case of a woman in childbearing age with hypogonadotropic hypogo...

Pituitary causes of amenorrhea should be considered in women with low or normal gonadotropin levels. Pituitary causes of amenorrhea constitute 18% of cases of secondary amenorrhea and 7% of cases of primary amenorrhea (1). Hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause of pituitary amenorrhea, comprising 15% of all cases of secondary amenorrhea and 80% of pituitary cases of secondary amenorrhea (2...

STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal study on the anthropometric parameters and growth pattern of girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). OBJECTIVE To investigate the growth pattern of girls with AIS with different severities, using cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal data set in comparison with age-matched healthy controls. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DA...

Animal studies suggest regulatory effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis by allopregnanolone, an endogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptor agonist. Elevated levels of allopregnanolone in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea have been seen. Isoallopregnanolone is an isomer to allopregnanolone, but without GABA(A) receptor effects. The purpose of this study was to investigat...

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common cause of infertility in women, characterized by amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism, and elevated gonadotropin levels in women under the age of 40. Many genes have been identified over the past few years that contribute to the development of POF. However, few genes have been identified that can explain a substantial proportion of cases of POF. The unbiased ap...