Highlights. Ultrasound and MR venography of internal jugular veins in case unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia or extrinsic stenosis enables noninvasively without contrast agents differentiation these conditions due to local region-specific indicators, including the area velocity blood flow, arterial-venous balance, visualization low compression factor, overall clinical picture venous network neck...

Balloon angioplasty (BA) is a treatment modality to correct vascular lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, who present with chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). We hypothesized that BA clinical benefits stems in part from improvement in cardiovascular autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. We adopted the Transvascular Autonomic Modulation (TVAM), as a modified BA techniq...

Background: The Trendelenburg position is a common technique used during internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation in pediatric patients. There has been some speculation as to the correlation between Trendelenburg positioning and increases in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the IJV in obese child patients. In the present study, we use ultrasound (US) measurements to assess and determine the pre...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a vascular condition characterized by anomalies of the main extracranial cerebrospinal venous routes that interfere with normal venous outflow. Research into CCSVI will determine its sensitivity and specificity for a diagnosis of MS, its prevalence in MS patients, and its clinical, MRI, and genetic correlates. Our aim ...

In the last years it has been described a condition named Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI), frequently but not exclusively associated to Multiple Sclerosis (MS), which generated a strong scientific controversy about the epidemiological prevalence and the possible role in the complex, multi-factorial MS ethio-pathogenesis. However, CCSVI description also stimulated a considerab...

Background. A link between various pathological conditions and blood cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow alterations has been suggested by numerous studies.1 The CSF dynamics are influenced many factors, such as posture,2 heart beating, thoracic pressure changes during respiration.2,3 blood/CSF can be estimated using phase-contrast (PC) – magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the clinical cardi...

Ménière’s disease (MD) is a chronic illness of the inner ear with an incidence, in Europe about 50-200/100.000 a year [1]. It is characterised by intermittent episodes of vertigo lasting from minutes to hours, with sensor neural, usually fluctuating, hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural pressure. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical course and MD is usually considered as a multifactorial disease,...

Ménière’s disease (MD) is a chronic illness of the inner ear with an incidence, in Europe about 50-200/100.000 a year [1]. It is characterised by intermittent episodes of vertigo lasting from minutes to hours, with sensor neural, usually fluctuating, hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural pressure. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical course and MD is usually considered as a multifactorial disease,...

179 heads of sales or direct marketing departments in large UK companies across 5 industry sectors completed mail questionnaires concerning the knowledge management (KM) practices employed by their firms. The extents of the KM systems operating within sample enterprises were analyzed with respect to each company's use of teamwork, level of bureaucracy and centralization of decision making, inno...