Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides, which commonly infects corn and other agricultural products. Fusarium species can also be found in moisture-damaged buildings, and therefore there may also be human exposure to Fusarium mycotoxins, including FB1. FB1 is known to affect the metabolism of sphingolipids by inhibiting the enzyme ceramide synthase. It...

The immune system comprises a highly integrated network of multiple tissues and cell types with complicated interactions and effects. It is modulated by the endocrine and nervous systems and there is growing realization of its multifunctionality. The session focusing on immunologic effects of dioxin and related compounds following prenatal exposure involved a review of the immunotoxic effects t...

Subchronic animal feeding studies to examine the effect on the immune system of genetically modified corn CBH351, which contains the Cry9C protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tolworthi, were conducted in female BN rats and B10A mice. The studies were designed to compare the effect of a line of genetically modified corn CBH351 (GM corn) with that of isoline corn (non-GM corn)....

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of epicutaneous application of anticoagulant warfarin, by examining the presence of tissue injury and immune/inflammatory activity in exposed skin. METHODS Rats were exposed to warfarin by applying 10 μg of warfarin-sodium to 10-12 cm(2) skin (range 0.8-1 μg per 1 cm(2)) for 3 consecutive days. Tissue injury was evaluated by lipid peroxidation, histomorpholog...

Aim: Nickel, which has a wide usage area in industries, teratogenic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic, and genotoxic effects. In this study, the protective effects of lycopene, antioxidant properties, were investigated against genotoxicity caused by nickel sulfate. Materials Methods: total 24 rats (Wistar albino) divided into four groups: Group I (control) daily saline intraperitoneal (i.p.) corn oil ...