The aim of this paper is to transform the model of the impedance controlled robot interaction with feedback delay to a Tensor Product (TP) type polytopic LPV model whereupon Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) based control design can be immediately executed. The paper proves that the impedance model can be exactly represented by a finite element TP type polytopic model under certain constrains. The...

Purpose Several ex vivo studies have reported that the electrical impedance of malignancies is lower than healthy tissues and benign formations [Malich et al, Eur Radiol 10:1555-61 (2000)]. Therefore, in vivo conductivity imaging may have potential applications in tumor diagnosis. Magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) is an emerging, non-invasive conductivity imaging modali...

An explicit formula is derived for the electromagnetic (EM) field scattered by one small impedance particle of an arbitrary shape. If is the characteristic size of the particle, is the wavelength, and is the boundary impedance of , on , where is the surface of the particle, is the unit outer normal to , and , is the EM field, then the scattered field is . Here , is the wave number, is an arbitr...

Electrical deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an efficient method to treat movement disorders. Many models of DBS, based mostly on finite elements, have recently been proposed to better understand the interaction between the electrical stimulation and the brain tissues. In monopolar DBS, clinically widely used, the implanted pulse generator (IPG) is used as reference electrode (RE). In this paper,...

Objective tinnitus (OT) may be caused by contraction of the tensor tympani muscle (TTM). The more forcefully the TTM contracts, the greater the intensity of the OT heard. Forceful closure of both eyelids can reflexively cause OT by contracting the TTM. The Forceful Eyelid Closure Syndrome (FECS) was reported at the Proceedings of the Second International Tinnitus Seminar in 1983.(1) FECS consis...

S. H. Oh, S. Y. Lee, M. H. Cho, T-S. Kim, I. H. Kim Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Kyungki, Korea, Republic of Introduction Information about electrical conductivity distribution inside biological tissues is useful for many biomedical studies. Especially, conductivity mapping of a human brain would play great roles to enhance accuracy of EEG or MEG source localiz...

Metasurface (MTS) antennas are based on the transformation of a cylindrical-wavefront surface wave (SW) into general wavefront leaky (LW). The MTS aperture is constituted by grounded dielectric slab printed with an electrically dense distribution subwavelength patches realizing space-variable, homogenized tensor impedance boundary conditions (IBCs). One challenges in this type antenna related t...

An elastic wave propagating in a metal loses a portion of its energy from scattering caused by acoustic impedance differences existing at the boundaries of anisotropic grains. Theoretical scattering models capture this phenomena by assuming the incoming wave is described by an average elastic moduli tensorC0 i jkl (x) that is perturbed by a grain with elasticityCi jkl (x ′) where the scattering...

The middle ear muscle (MEM) reflex is one of two major descending systems to the auditory periphery. There are two middle ear muscles (MEMs): the stapedius and the tensor tympani. In man, the stapedius contracts in response to intense low frequency acoustic stimuli, exerting forces perpendicular to the stapes superstructure, increasing middle ear impedance and attenuating the intensity of sound...

We show how to parameterise a homogenised conductivity in R2 by a scalar function s(x), despite the fact that the conductivity parameter in the related up-scaled elliptic operator is typically tensor valued. Ellipticity of the operator is equivalent to strict convexity of s(x), and with consideration to mesh connectivity, this equivalence extends to discrete parameterisations over triangulated ...