Retrieving information that is implicit in a text is difficult. For argument analysis, revealing implied knowledge could be useful to judge how solid an argument is and to construct concise arguments. We design a process for obtaining high-quality implied knowledge annotations for German argumentative microtexts, in the form of simple natural language statements. This process involves several s...

The expressive growth in the volume of data stored as XML stimulates the improvement of methods for obtaining novel ways to explore this information. Methods for providing elaborated answers to increasingly more complex queries were recently investigated, but existing approaches mainly analyze information that is explicitly defined in the XML document. This work presents an approach that is cap...

A dialogical version of (modal) epistemic logic is outlined, with an intuitionistic variant. Another version of dialogical epistemic logic is then provided by means of the S4 mapping of intuitionistic logic. Both systems cast new light on the relationship between intuitionism, modal logic and dialogical games.

(1) Implicit learning proceeds without making demands on central attentional resources. As N. Ellis (2008: 125) puts it, ‘generalizations arise from conspiracies of memorized utterances collaborating in productive schematic linguistic productions’. Thus, the resulting knowledge is subsymbolic, reflecting statistical sensitivity to the structure of the learned material. In contrast, explicit lea...

The purposes of the present study were twofold. First, we sought to establish whether tonal symmetry produces processing fluency. Second, we sought to explore whether symmetry and chunk strength express themselves differently in fluency, as an indication of different mechanisms being involved for sub- and supra-finite state processing. Across two experiments, participants were asked to listen t...

Recent evidence from cognitive science and neuroscience indicates that brain-damaged patients and normal subjects can exhibit nonconscious or implicit knowledge of stimuli that they fail to recollect consciously or perceive explicitly. Dissociations between implicit and explicit knowledge, which have been observed across a variety of domains, tasks, and materials, raise fundamental questions ab...

n this article we address the issue of implicit assumptions in legal knowledge systems (LKBS). We illustrate that LKBSs have many underlying assumptions mostly arising during the design process. We divide these implicit assumptions over three categories: (1) assumptions about the user, (2) assumptions about the task, and (3) assumptions about the domain. Making assumptions in the design of a LK...

abstract translation of literary texts, especially poetry, is one of the most difficult tasks; it requires mastery and knowledge of the language system and culture, and lack of this might lead to wrong translation. this study aimed to examine the loss and gain of the sociocultural implicit meanings in the english translations of the mu’allaqat, and assess whether the translators of the mu’allaq...