mulla-sadra in his different philosophical and theological works has discussed the issue of resurrection (ma-add), both in spiritual and bodily way. in this works he attempted to demonstrate the issue of bodily resurrection according to the principles that formerly have been proved in his philosophical system. the subject is that, the quantity of these principles differs from one work to anothe...

one of the consequences of accepting personal unity of existence as well as the philosophical rule of “al-wahid” is wujud-e munbasit (the extended existence). sayyid haydar amuli explains origination of multiplicity from the one on the basis of wujud-e munbasit. according to him the first emanation from being is universal and extendedand contains all degrees of contingent world. by depicting of...

for a long time, philosophers have considered contemplative knowledge and thinking to be the specific perfection of the human species. from this point of view, philosophers such as aristotle and avicenna thought that the act of thinking was the highest activity leading to man's happiness. on the contrary, illuminative philosophers and gnostics in the islamic world only considered speculati...

this article considers all the mulla sadra’s proofs of primacy of existence (asalat al-wujud) found in all his works‚ and concludes that sadra has two approaches in his arguments: (1) to prove the primacy of existence through negation of original attributes from quiddity (mahiyyah), (2) to refute the primacy of quiddity through indirect proof. at the end‚ we conclude that the first approach and...

“sources of knowledge” is one of the significant topics in contemporary epistemology. epistemologists accept five sources of knowledge: perception, reason, introspection, testimony, and memory. this paper compares introspection, testimony and memory in mulla sadra and descartes’ philosophical systems. the two philosophers accept introspection, testimony and memory as the sources of knowledge. b...