One of the earliest approaches in gain-scheduling control is the gridding based approach, in which a set of local linear time-invariant models are obtained at various gridded points corresponding to the varying parameters within the flight envelop. In order to ensure smooth and effective Linear Parameter-Varying control, aligning all the flexible modes within each local model and maintaining sm...

Despite extensive investigation, many features of prion protein misfolding remain enigmatic. Physicochemical variables known to influence misfolding are reviewed to help elucidate the mechanism of prionogenesis and identify salient features of PrP(Sc), the misfolded conformer of the prion protein. Prospective work on refinement of candidate PrP(Sc) models based on thermodynamic considerations w...

We present a graph theoretic model of analysing food web structure called regular equivalence. Regular equivalence is a method for partitioning the species in a food web into "isotrophic classes" that play the same structural roles, even if they are not directly consuming the same prey or if they do not share the same predators. We contrast regular equivalence models, in which two species are m...

A framework is provided for pricing derivatives on defaultable bonds and other credit-risky contingent claims. The framework is in the spirit of reducedform models, but extends these models to include the case that default can occur only at specific times, such as coupon payment dates. While the framework does not provide an efficient setting for obtaining results about structural models, it is...

The decryption of transient structural changes during protein conformational transitions is essential to a detailed understanding of protein functions. To this end, coarse-grained protein structural models have proven valuable by enabling cost-effective simulation/analysis of protein conformational transitions which are too slow for all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. Here we survey state-o...

In this paper we develop structural first passage models (AT1P and SBTV) with time-varying volatility and characterized by high tractability. The models can be calibrated exactly to credit spreads using efficient closed-form formulas for default

In observational studies with exposures or treatments that vary over time, standard approaches for adjustment of confounding are biased when there exist time-dependent confounders that are also affected by previous treatment. This paper introduces marginal structural models, a new class of causal models that allow for improved adjustment of confounding in those situations. The parameters of a m...

This article presents marginal structural models with inverse propensity weighting (IPW) for assessing mediation. Generally, individuals are not randomly assigned to levels of the mediator. Therefore, confounders of the mediator and outcome may exist that limit causal inferences, a goal of mediation analysis. Either regression adjustment or IPW can be used to take confounding into account, but ...