the objective of this article is to present the established components with regard to the visual quality and legibility of isfahan city according to lynch’s theory. data was gathered in isfahan mainly by way of observation and interviews. additional information was obtained from historical data and urban documents. in the opinion of the citizens, the zayandehrood river, as a natural urban compo...

built environment does not “simply appear overnight, like a movie-set springing up on a vacant lot, but has to be produced”.thus, the first point in dealing with such an environment is considered to be the tracing of time in the evaluation of the city and keeping in mind that the whole is more than its parts. the last point becomes naturally understood when the process of city building is p...

intra-city natural structures have always had a key role in creating sustainable urban greenspaces. adapting to natural features and relating the intra-city greenspaces to such natural structures as river-valleys, hillsides, lakes and forests, guarantee the endurance, sustainability and longevity of the natural quality of city. this paper looks at intra-city natural structures which have underg...

Increasing number of pins or gates in the latest LSI’s requires a lot of testing resources. The conventional scan-based testing requires a costly tester (ATE) equipped with a lot of pin electronics. Since reducing the testing cost is a crucial issue in industry, we have introduced an approach using scan-based logic BIST to solve this problem. The logic BIST has applied to many ASIC design chips...

We present the application of a deterministic logic BIST scheme on state-of-the-art industrial circuits. Experimental results show that complete fault coverage can be achieved for industrial circuits up to 100K gates with 10,000 test patterns, at a total area cost for BIST hardware of typically 5%-15%. It is demonstrated that a tradeoff is possible between test quality, test time, and silicon a...

Diagnosing failing vectors in a Built-In Self Test (BIST) environment is a difficult task because of the highly compressed signature coming out of the Multiple Input Shift Register (MISR). The root cause of the failure must be initially narrowed down to the failing vectors and also the scan cells at which mismatches occurred. In this work, we propose a method for accurately determining the firs...

Formant trajectories of five American English diphthongs embedded in the target words BAIT (/ei/), BITE (/ai/), POUT (/au/), BOAT (/Ou/), BOYS (/oi/) are investigated in the F1-F2 space as a function of age and gender. Age range considered is from 5 to 18 years. In this report, the focus is given to the differences in position between the start/end points of diphthongs and nine monophthons. Ave...

One of the tenets of equilibrium asset pricing models is that expected return of an asset is positively related to its risk (price variability of the asset). In other words, it is expected that assets with higher expected returns are also the ones with higher risk, or assets with lower risk are the ones with lower expected returns. The logic behind this idea is actually is simple and intuitive:...