A holistic approach was followed for utilizing tetracyclines (TCs)-contaminated pig manure, by composting this with rice straw in a greenhouse for CO₂ fertilization and composted residue application. After composting, the composted residues can be applied to cropland as a supplemental source of synthetic fertilizers. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pig manure-rice str...

OBJECTIVE Trauma patients are at high risk for life-threatening venous thromboembolic (VTE) events. We examined the relationship between prophylactic inferior vena cava (IVC) filter use, mortality, and VTE. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA The prevalence of prophylactic placement of IVC filters has increased among trauma patients. However, there exists little data on the overall efficacy of prophylact...

Left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) is the second most common anatomical anomaly of the IVC after duplication. Herein, we present two cases of left-sided IVC, diagnosed during organ retrieval procedure. In a young brain-dead man, a single left-sided IVC was observed; it originated from iliac confluence in the left side of the aorta and extended throughout the abdomen. There was no retrohepatic ...

INTRODUCTION Suprahepatic caval resection and replacement of inferior vena cava (IVC) is standard procedure in deceased donor liver transplantation for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). However, replacement of IVC in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is difficult. We report a case of BCS successfully treated by LDLT without replacement of IVC. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 52-years-o...

duplication of inferior vena cava (ivc) is a rare fi nding in radiologic studies and its coincidence with thrombosis is even rarer. here we described a rare case with duplication of ivc and symptomatic venous thrombosis of her lower extrimity.

Recent exponential increase in inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placements has led to a higher rate of filter complications. A 46-year-old man with a past history of IVC filter placement for bilateral deep vein thrombosis presented with lower abdominal pain. Imaging studies demonstrated IVC filter strut penetrations into multiple structures. Upper endoscopy confirmed an uncomplicated single IVC ...

This paper proposes a new distance education architecture to integrate both BBS and WWW features, is so-called IVC (Internet Virtual Classroom). This architecture has not only the traditional asynchronous characteristics of learning systems on WWW, but also synchronous interactions that traditional BBS service owned. This sort of learning environment can record and the learning flows of learner...

I nferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis associated with filters is not uncommon in clinical practice. However, suprarenal extension of the thrombosis to the hepatic segment of the IVC is very rare, particularly in absence of renal or hepatic tumors (1). Benign intrinsic IVC stenosis is a rare anomaly that has been associated with IVC thrombosis (2). We describe a case of extensive IVC thrombosis s...

Composting is a robust waste treatment technology. Use of finished compost enables plant nutrient recycling, carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement and mineral fertiliser replacement. However, composting also emits greenhouse gases (GHG) such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) with high global warming potential (GWP). This thesis analysed emissions of CH4 and N2O during composti...