An egg incubator is a tool that helps the process of hatching eggs using an electric heater and equipped with rack functions to evenly distribute heat in incubator. Good temperature control something greatly affects results. In this study, system was designed PID method Ziegler Nichols Open Loop Step Response tuning method. The specifically for free-range chicken which require normal 37 °C-39 °...

In the absolute integrating-sphere method, the total luminous ̄ ux of a lamp inside an integrating sphere is determined by comparing it with a known ̄ ux introduced into the sphere from an external light source. As the measurement geometry of the lamps to be compared is different, the spatial non-uniformity of the sphere surface may affect the results. In order to evaluate this effect, the spat...

We show experimentally that the effects of pulse delay and advancement usually ascribed to the "slow and fast light" under conditions of the coherent population oscillations (CPO) can be universally observed with incoherent light fields on objects with the pure-intensity nonlinearity. As a light source, we used an incandescent lamp and as objects for study, a photochromic glass and a thermochro...

A Michelson interferometer is illuminated by a broadband light source (e.g. light-emitting diode, superluminescent diode, arc or incandescent lamp). At the output of the interferometer, a CCD camera is used as a multiple detector. The measured object is placed in one arm of the interferometer and moved in the longitudinal direction as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1. The surface of the object ...

Techniques for color-based tracking of faces or hands often assume a static skin color model. However, skin color perceived by a camera can change when lighting changes. In common real environment multiple light sources impinge on the skin. Therefore, for robust skin pixel detection, a dynamic skin color model that can cope with the changes must be employed. We show that skin detection in video...

Objectives . There is considerable economic demand for products obtained by processing phosphogypsum. In particular, calcium sulfide-based materials having luminescent properties are the object of intensive study due to wide range possibilities their use. The alloying structure sulfide with cations rare earth elements leads appearance a glow various colors. However, high cost such phosphorescen...

Disseminating energy-efficient technologies, even when they may appear to be technically perfect, is always a tough task, more so in economies with low purchasing power and educational levels. The compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) is one such well-known product that consumes only 20% electricity for the same light output as given out by the ubiquitous incandescent lamp and which, if adopted in a b...

Dopant impurities were implanted at high dose and low energy (10 cm, 0.5–2.2 keV) into double-side polished 200 mm diameter silicon wafers and electrically activated to form p–n junctions by 10 s anneals at temperatures of 1,025, 1,050, and 1,075 C by optical heating with tungsten incandescent lamps. Activation was studied for P, As, B, and BF2 species implanted on one wafer side and for P and ...

Cysteine is the preferred reducing agent used in the preparation of culture media for the growth of many strictly anaerobic microorganisms; however, redox potential reduction of cysteine is very slow, making it inconvenient if the medium is needed immediately or in large quantity. The time required to reduce culture medium containing resazurin (an indicator of reducing conditions) was dramatica...