infrastructure plays an important role in the process of economic development. access to such infrastructures as safe piped drinking water, educational and health services, electrification and efficient transport system enhance human welfare. the main objective of this study is to determine the contribution of the main types of infrastructure investments to reduction of poverty and more balance...

background: one of the main challenges of healthcare systems of developing countries is health inequality. health inequality means inequality in individuals’ ability and proper functioning, resulting in inequality in social status and living conditions, which thwarts social interventions implemented by the government. objectives: this study aimed to determine and prioritize the social determina...

This paper extends previous work on family structure and children's education by conceptualizing migration as a distinct form of family disruption that reduces parental input but brings substantial economic benefits through remittances. It examines the multiple and countervailing effects of migration on schooling in the context of substantial migration and limited educational opportunities for ...

Background Numerous studies have been conducted in the West on the educational needs of minority students. These studies indicate that students from particular ethnic backgrounds have unsatisfactory educational experiences and various learning difficulties [1,2]. Although the HKSAR government, through its equal opportunity legislation, has committed itself to eliminating ethnic inequality, the ...

52 • Fall/Winter 2008 The inequality of the Peruvian educational system is not only rooted in economic inequality, but also in the indigenous, non-indigenous divide. Based on quantitative regression analyses and a qualitative examination of bilingual education, this paper finds that the marginalization of indigenous in Peru is correlated with low allocation of educational resources to the indig...

We present a simple model to explain why wage inequality in the U.S. increased in the 1980s but decreased in the 1970s, in which we argue that educational investment might deteriorate wage inequality temporarily, but permanently decrease it. A country would not necessarily present the Kuznets inversed-U curve if having sufficient educational investment. Acceleration in the educational investmen...

This paper develops a tractable, heterogeneous agents general equilibriummodel where individuals have different endowments of the factors that complement the schooling process. The paper explores the relation between inequality of opportunities, inequality of outcomes, and efficiency in human capital formation. Using numerical solutions we study how the endogenous variables of the model respond...

Inequality of Educational Outcome and Inequality of Educational Opportunity in the Netherlands during the 20th Century Maarten L. Buis The influence of social background on educational attainment involves a paradox: On the one hand, it is a good thing that parents care about their children and want to help them attain the best possible educational outcome. On the other hand, it seems unfair to ...