This paper presents the first quantitative metric for aerosol population mixing state, defined as the distribution of per-particle chemical species composition. This new metric, the mixing state index χ , is an affine ratio of the average per-particle species diversity Dα and the bulk population species diversity Dγ , both of which are based on information-theoretic entropy measures. The mixing...

Background. Entropy and Bispectral Index (BIS ) have been promoted as EEG-based anaesthesia depth monitors. The EEG changes with brain maturation, but there are limited published data describing the characteristics of entropy in children, and some data suggest that BIS is less reliable in young children. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of entropy as a measure of anaesthetic...

Decomposition analysis is a critical tool for understanding the social and spatial dimensions of inequality, segregation, and diversity. In this paper, I propose a new measure – the Divergence Index – to address the need for a decomposable measure of segregation. Although the Information Theory Index has been used to decompose segregation within and between communities, I argue that it measures...

This paper addresses the problem of determining the distance between two regular languages. It will show how to expand Jaccard distance, which works on finite sets, to potentially-infinite regular languages. The entropy of a regular language plays a large role in the extension. Much of the paper is spent investigating the entropy of a regular language. This includes addressing issues that have ...