The notion of "consent" is frequently referred to as "informed consent" to emphasise the informational component of a valid consent. This article considers aspects of that informational component. One misuse of the language of informed consent is highlighted. Attention is then directed to some features of the situation in which consent would not have been offered had certain information been di...

I had hoped that Dr. Steven J. Lynn’s proposals (Lynn, 2001a; 2001b) regarding informed consent and clinical hypnosis would stimulate some interesting discussion about this important issue and I was not disappointed. However, Dr. Lynn seems to feel that the commentators (Hammond, Scheflin & Vermetten, 2001; Kluft, 2001; Spiegel, 2001; Watkins, 2001) did not accurately understand nor represent h...

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BACKGROUND The development of understandable informed consent (IC) documents has proven to be one of the most important challenges in research with humans as well as in healthcare settings. Therefore, evaluating and improving understanding has been of increasing interest for empirical research on IC. However, several conceptual and practical challenges for the development of understandable IC d...

The different approaches of two nations to the issues surrounding informed consent by persons with no or limited capacity of understanding are compared. It is important that efforts to ensure formal compliance with consent procedures should not be allowed to distract attention from the risks of harm to individuals.

In the UK, medical ethics and law are often thought of and taught together, but while 'good medical ethics' is often reflected in law-the need to obtain a patient's adequately informed consent, for example-this is not necessarily the case. Sometimes medical ethics is more demanding than law; at other times, perhaps counterintuitively, the law appears to ask more of doctors than does good medica...

The rule that one must obtain informed consent is well established in medical ethics and an intrinsic part of clinical practice and of research in biomedicine. However, there is a tendency that the rule today is being applied too rigidly and with too little sensitivity to the values that are at stake in connection with different kinds of research protocols. It is here argued that the quality of...

castleman disease (cd) is a rare, lymphoproliferative disorder of uncertain etiology. we are reporting on two cases of castleman disease. both patients were female. this disease can be found wherever lymph nodes are present. we have reported two unusual cases of castleman disease. a 29- year old woman was referred for evaluation because of a cervical lymph node, weight loss and night sweats. th...

871 mesenteric lymph nodes taken from 110 native cattle from urmia slaughter-house with differentages were examined for linguatula serrata infection. the lymph nodes were studied based on their colourand consistency. 44% of the cattle were found positive for l. serrata infection. the number of parasitesisolated from each infected lymph node varied from 1 to 69 with a mean of 5.48. there were no...