The 5-HT-induced synaptic plasticity of Aplysia sensorimotor synapses has typically been probed by firing a single presynaptic spike. In this study, 5-HT-induced synaptic plasticity was probed with brief bursts of spikes (10 Hz, 1 s), which are more behaviorally relevant stimuli. Because such bursts provide a greater challenge to the release machinery than single spikes, their use may reveal ad...

PURPOSE A controlled-release drug delivery of contraceptive steroids levonorgestrel (LNG) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) has been developed by successful encapsulation of LNG and EE in poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) microspheres. MATERIALS AND METHODS Smooth, spherical, steroid-loaded PLG microspheres with a mean size of 10-25 microm were prepared by using the water/oil/water double-emulsion s...

A Box-Behnken design with three replicates was used for preparation and evaluation of Eudragit vancomycin (VCM) nanoparticles prepared by double emulsion. The purpose of this work was to optimize VCM nanoparticles to improve the physicochemical properties. Nanoparticles were formed by using W1/O/W2 double-emulsion solvent evaporation method using Eudragit RS as a retardant material. Full factor...

This research focused on preparing a ketoconazole-infused silk fibroin hydrogel to enhance patient compliance, leveraging the hydrogel's biocompatibility and biodegradability. The process used 50% (v/v) ethanol, propanol, or glycerol solution treated with 2% (w/v) at 37°C. use of quickened gelation process. structure was analyzed via SEM, UV-VIS spectrometry evaluate encapsulation efficiency ke...

Background & Aims: In recent years, the feasibility of hydrophilic nanoparticles has been broadly investigated for use in drug delivery and therapeutic systems. Due to the problems of traditional adjuvants, in this study Agkistrodon halys (Ah) Snake venom was loaded in chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) in order to be used as an advanced adjuvant and antigen delivery system in ant...

The aim of the present investigation was to develop sustained release ethylcellulose-coated egg albumin microspheres of diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) to improve patient compliance. The microspheres were prepared by the w/o emulsion thermal cross-linking method using different proportion of the polymer to drug ratio (1.0:1.0, 1.0:1.5 and 1.0:2.0). A 3(2) full factorial design was employed to opti...

BACKGROUND Polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) beads releasing antibiotics are used extensively to treat osteomyelitis, but require surgical removal afterwards because they do not degrade. METHODS As an alternative option, this report compares the in vitro gentamicin release profile from clinically used, biodegradable carrier-materials: six injectable cements and six granule-types. Cement cylinder...

conclusions the results indicated that sod-loaded in sln was delivered into deep burned skin layer and induced high enzyme activity through the skin. low particle size, application of lecithin as surfactant and low crystallinity index (ci) percentage were important factors for increasing sod penetration through the burned rat skin. percentage of activity by sln dispersions through rat skin was ...

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) invade the cornea following an alkali burn apparently undergoing a respiratory burst and degranulation, which is thought to lead to corneal ulceration. The supernatant obtained from burned Sigma collagen (Miller type 1) or from bovine cornea produced a significant locomotory stimulus to PMNs. Citrate inhibited this locomotory stimulus by 69.5% and 98%, respec...

We consider the physics of neutrinos in a fireball, i.e. a tightly coupled plasma of photons, positrons and electrons. Such a fireball is believed to form in the first stages of a gamma-ray burst. We assume the fireball is radiation-dominated and spherically symmetric. Energy considerations limit the allowed baryon density, from which it follows that the neutrino physics is dominated by leptoni...