Neutral carrier-based liquid membrane ion-selective microelectrodes for NH(4) (+) and NO(3) (-) were developed and used to investigate inorganic nitrogen acquisition in two varieties of barley, Hordeum vulgare L. cv Olli and H. vulgare L. cv Prato, originating in cold and warm climates, respectively. In the present paper, the methods used in the fabrication of ammonium- and nitrate-selective mi...

Mark D. Gross, Department of Planning and Design, University of Colorado People draw diagrams and sketches to think, argue, and communicate about problems in domains ranging from mechanical engineering to music. To understand a problem better, mathematician George Polya advised, “Draw a figure ... even if your problem is not a problem of geometry.”1 We can debate whether making a figure really ...

Forward osmosis with an ammonium bicarbonate draw solution was investigated as a low energy non-sewered sanitation solution, to recover nutrients and water from source separated urine. Stored urine collected Urine Diversion Dry Toilets in the eThekwini Municipality (Durban), South Africa used feed solution. Water recoveries of up 45.9% fluxes 6.0 L m −2 h −1 were achieved using undiluted stored...