Although web-based survey research of the general population has serious limitations (e.g., non-coverage, lack of a sampling plan), it has been embraced by many who do survey research. It has been shown to be particularly useful when the population surveyed is almost universally connected to the Internet, and is proficient with the medium and the tools to use the medium (computing devices: e.g....

The so-called Cauchy estimator uses the sign of the first lag as instrument variable in autoregressions, and the resulting IV t-type statistic has a standard normal limiting distribution even in the unit root case. Thus, nonstandard asymptotics of the usual unit root tests such as the augmented Dickey-Fuller [ADF] test can be avoided. Moreover, the ADF test is affected by unconditional heterosk...

BACKGROUND In Sri Lanka, behavioural problems have grown to epidemic proportions accounting second highest category of mental health problems among children. Early identification of behavioural problems in children is an important pre-requisite of the implementation of interventions to prevent long term psychiatric outcomes. The objectives of the study were to develop and validate a screening i...

BACKGROUND Clinical ethics support, in particular Moral Case Deliberation, aims to support health care providers to manage ethically difficult situations. However, there is a lack of evaluation instruments regarding outcomes of clinical ethics support in general and regarding Moral Case Deliberation (MCD) in particular. There also is a lack of clarity and consensuses regarding which MCD outcome...

OBJECTIVE To develop an instrument to assess discrimination effects on health outcomes and behaviors, capable of distinguishing harmful differential treatment effects from their interpretation as discriminatory events. METHODS Successive versions of an instrument were developed based on a systematic review of instruments assessing racial discrimination, focus groups and review by a panel comp...

background to assess maternal confidence in her ability to cope with labor, a measure of childbirth self efficacy is necessary. objectives this paper aims to assess the cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the short form of childbirth self-efficacy inventory among iranian pregnant women. patients and methods in this descriptive-methodological study, we investigated 383 iranian pregna...

The purpose of this study was analyzing knowledge management in agricultural colleges Islamic Azad University of Khuzestan Province, Iran. The statistical population was (N=210). The sample size (n=108) were investigated. After confirm the validity of the instrument by panel of experts, to determine the reliability coefficient using Cronbach alpha coefficients were obtained for all sections of ...

Instrument values were compared to sensory perception of ground breast and thigh meat color. Different patty thicknesses (0.5, 1.5, and 2.0) and background colors (white, pink, green, and gray), previously found to cause differences in instrument-measured color, were used. Sensory descriptive analysis scores for lightness, hue, and chroma were compared to instrument-measured L* values, hue, and...

This paper estimates the impact of early retirement on mortality using Dutch administrative micro panel data. An unexpected temporary decrease in the eligibility age for retirement benefits for civil servants is used to instrument the retirement choice. We find that induced early retirement decreased the probability that a man dies within 5 years by 2.6 percentage points. The result is robust t...