Solid waste is one of the unavoidable products of every society that necessitates the establishment of municipal solid waste management system. Because of variability in quantity and composition of municipal solid wastes, several management scenarios are considered. Assessing the environmental impacts of the life cycle of these scenarios will have a significant role in reducing and resolving ur...

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a naturally occurring stressor to most forms of life. The sole relevant source of this stressor is the sun. The earth’s stratospheric ozone layer reduces the amount of UVR that reaches the earth’s surface. The potential for depletion of this ozone layer due to human activities and the subsequent increase in UVR at the earth’s surface is a global environmental conc...

Combined cooling, heat, and power (CCHP) units can be integrated with conventional separate cooling, heat, and power production units to meet demands. The goal of this study is to develop and examine a hybrid GA-heuristic optimization algorithm for solving the unit commitment problem for integrated CCHP-thermal-heat only system with considerations for electricity boiler. When environmental emis...

The field of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) has emerged with the spirit of providing ‘Data as a Service’ to overcome the technical and conceptual barriers in sharing spatial data. In integrated environmental modeling, software components like the GIS, the spatial DBMS, expert rules and analysis tools, and even the associated computational models, are re-used and combined into an environmenta...