A review of experimental papers on the problem of incentive motivation reveals little or no support for the hypothesis that conditioned food signals facilitate autochthonous instrumental responses (i.e., responses motivated by the same drive and rewarded by the same unconditioned stimulus). The existing data are explained most parsimoniously by assuming that reward, or its conditioned signal, i...

Although research on team motivation has been one of the fastest growing research domains in organizational science, progress in this domain has been hampered by a lack of integrative reviews. Thus, we develop a theoretical framework in this article to summarize and discuss different conceptual approaches to team motivation for the following six content areas: team design, team needs, team goal...

the main objective of this article is to measure and compare faculty member’s job motivation in esfahan university and esfahan university of medical sciences based on fredrick herzberg`s motivation-hygiene theory. a descriptive-survey research method was employed. a sample of 150 faculty members was selected through a proportionate classified sampling method. the data-gathering instrument inclu...

Motivation has long been considered as a significant factor, remarkably contributing to the success of second language acquisition. The current study focuses on investigating socio-psychological orientations Vietnamese-speaking English learners. A survey was administered 74 non-English majoring undergraduates in four IELTS preparation courses at pre-intermediate and intermediate levels. questio...

a study on the academic motivation and its relation with individual state and academic achievement on basic medical students of urmia university of medical sciences     roshan milan s [1] , aghaii monvar i [2] , kheradmand f [3] , saboory e [4] , mikaili p [5] , masudi s [6] , motazakker m [7] *     received: 29july, 2011 accepted: 28august, 2011     abstract   background & aims : the learning ...

The present study investigated EFL adult learners' reasons behind learning English in a new setting with mixed-design research methodology. subjects of this were forty language learners, 20 males and females, who as foreign private school Istanbul. Necessary data regarding the participants’ for collected through two instruments: questionnaires interviews. analysis revealed that external factors...

Previous negotiation research predominantly focused on psychological factors that lead to suboptimal compromises as opposed to integrative agreements. Few studies systematically analyzed factors that impact the emergence of hurtful partial impasses (i.e., nonagreements on part of the issues). The present research investigates negotiators' egoistic motivation as a determinant for the emergence o...

This study examined how two motivational substrates may be differentially important depending upon the learner's language background. Students registered in German classes (N = 99) completed a questionnaire that assessed (a) their intrinsic, extrinsic, integrative, and instrumental reasons for learning German; (b) their feelings of autonomy, competence, and relatedness; and (c) their engagement...