The effects of ethylene evolved from ethephon on leaf and whole plant photosynthesis in Xanthium strumarium L. were examined. Ethylene-induced epinasty reduced light interception by the leaves of ethephon treated plants by up to 60%. Gas exchange values of individual, attached leaves under identical assay conditions were not inhibited even after 36 hours of ethylene exposure, although treated l...

As HTTPS deployment grows, middlebox and antivirus products are increasingly intercepting TLS connections to retain visibility into network traffic. In this work, we present a comprehensive study on the prevalence and impact of HTTPS interception. First, we show that web servers can detect interception by identifying a mismatch between the HTTP User-Agent header and TLS client behavior. We char...

© The Ecological Society of America www.frontiersinecology.org T is a crucial need to understand ecological water balances, both in the present and in the future. This balance is currently shifting, as economies rapidly develop and urbanization accelerates (Hubacek and Sun 2005). In the future, global climate change and the resulting uncertainties will only add to the urgency of finding accurat...

Many studies have investigated how the visual system influences motor control (Jackson and Husain, 1997). The reverse relationship of how the motor system influences visual perception has been less studied. For example, it has been suggested that when perceiving the actions of others, the observer’s motor system provides an internal model that is used for ongoing perceptual predictions (Wilson ...

A common perception is that cancer risk reduction is passive, such as not smoking. However, advances in the understanding of cancer biology and in cancer treatment modalities suggest that it is now timely to consider anew cancer risk reduction by active, including pharmacologic, approaches. Risk avoidance approaches are certainly important, but other approaches are important as well, as exempli...

Evaporation losses of rainfall intercepted by canopies depend on many factors, including the temporal scale observations. At event scale, interception is a few millimetres, whereas at larger number times that canopy filled and then depleted can make an important fraction depth. Recently, simplified interception/evaporation model has been proposed, which considers modified Merrian to compute dur...

It is known that at the event scale, evaporation losses of rainfall intercepted by canopy are a few millimeters, which often not much in comparison to other stocks water balance. Nevertheless, yearly number times filled and then depleted can be so large interception flux may become an important fraction rainfall. Many accurate models describe wet have been proposed. However, they require parame...

forest canopy rainfall interception loss (i), canopy water storage (s), and the ratio of mean evaporation to mean rainfall intensity () are important components of the water balance in arid and semi-arid climate zones. the goal of this project was to quantify i and s and to evaluate the gash interception model for rainfall interception in a mature semi-arid pinus eldarica medw afforestation pla...

Optimizing the spatial distribution of plants under normal conditions water and fertilizer is widely used by farmers to improve soybean yield. However, relationship between yield plant in field has not been well studied. This study examined effect planting density pattern on growth, components, canopy light interception, dry matter accumulation. We also analyzed photosynthetic rate, accumulatio...