This paper applies and evaluates a semi-automatically acquired Mandarin Chinese lexicon (Olsen et al., 1998) with respect to translation of English and Chinese verbs in a UNESCO text (Otero, 1997). I demonstrate how Lexical Conceptual Structure templates allow the same semantic structure to apply both to verbs with thematic roles incorporated in the verb itself, and those requiring external the...

This paper focuses on the next step in the creation of a system of meaning representation and the development of semantically-annotated parallel corpora, for use in applications such as machine translation, question answering, text summarization, and information retrieval. The work described below constitutes the first effort of any kind to provide parallel corpora annotated with detailed deep ...

Machine translation (MT) remains the paradigm task for natural language processing (NLP) since its inception in the 1950s. Unless NIP can succeed with the central task of machine translation, it cannot be considered successful as a field. We maintain that the most profitable approach to MT at the present time is an interlingual and modular one. MT is one the precious few computational tasks fal...

In this paper, a new language model is proposed for speech recognition in conversational speech translation. In conversation, speech strongly depends on the previous utterance of the other participant. Applying this dependency in language modeling, we can reduce the speech recognition error rate. To this end, we propose the following new language model where the content of the previous utteranc...

Any analogy made between library retrieval and mechanical translation is usually made by assimilating library retrieval to mechanical translation. We desire to draw the converse analogy; that is, to assimilate mechanical translation to library retrieval. To do this, mechanical translation procedures must be generalised and made interlingual, until they become as general as library retrieval pro...

Modality is an important, but complex linguistic phenomenon that concerns all levels of language production. NLP research has rather refrained from this subject, but we show that many errors in machine translation systems are directly related to the absence of a proper interlingual treatment of modality. We outline the traces of such a modal interlingua by presenting the “Module of Modality”, p...

Self-back-translation is an uncommon practice in which a bilingual author retranslates thealready translated text of their writing back into the original source language. A good example ofself-back-translation comes from one short stories by Haruki Murakami, renowned Japanese and translator, who back-translated English translation his story “Rēdāhōzen [Lederhosen]” published it as new version. ...

The paper presents two approaches to aspect assignment in a knowledgebased English-Polish machine translation (MT) system. The first method uses a set of heuristic rules based on interlingua (IR) representation provided by the system, whereas the other employs machine learning techniques. Both methods have similar performance and obtain high accuracy of over 88% on test data. The crucial differ...

This paper applies and evaluates a semi-automatically acquired Mandarin Chinese verb lexicon (Olsen et al., 1998) with respect to translation of English and Chinese verbs in a UNESCO text (Otero, 1997). I demonstrate how Lexical Conceptual Structure templates allow the same semantic structure to apply both to verbs that connate thematic roles in with the verbal meaning, and those with thematic ...

Machine translation (MT) has recently been formulated in terms of constraint-based knowledge representation and unification theories, but it is becoming more and more evident that it is not possible to design a practical MT system without an adequate method of handling mismatches between semantic representations in the source and target languages. In this paper, we introduce the idea of “inform...