The effect of acanthocephalan parasites (Profilicollis spp.) on the hiding behaviour during low tide of two species of shore crabs (intermediate hosts), Macrophthalmus hirtipes (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) and Hemigrapsus crenulatus (Brachyura: Grapsidae), was examined at Blueskin Bay, South Island, New Zealand. Exposed M. hirtipes were found to have significantly higher infection levels than did hi...

There are a variety of ways that environmental changes affect parasites, suggesting that information on parasites can indicate anthropogenic impacts. Parasitism may increese if the ~mpact reduces host resistance or increases the density of intermediate or definitive hosts. Parasitism may decrease if definitive or intermediate host density declines or parasites suffer higher mortality directly (...

Intermediate hosts of Schistosoma haematobium, the causative agent of urinary schistosomiasis, in Lake Malaŵi include: Bulinus globosus, a member of the B. africanus group and B. nyassanus, a diploid member of the B. truncatus/tropicus species complex. We compared genetic variability between isolates of S. haematobium from the southern part of the lake (Cape Maclear), where both B. globosus and...

When an intruder launches attack not from their own computer but from intermediate hosts that they previously compromised, these intermediate hosts are called stepping-stones. In this paper, we describe an algorithm to be able to detect stepping-stones in detoured attacks. Our aim is to develop an algorithm that can trace an origin system which attacks a victim system via stepping-stones. There...

Metagonimoides oregonensis (Heterophyidae) is a little-known digenetic trematode that uses raccoons and possibly mink as definitive hosts, and stream snails and amphibians as intermediate hosts. Some variation in the life cycle and adult morphology in western and eastern populations has been previously noted. In the southern Appalachians, Pleurocera snails and stream salamanders, e.g., Desmogna...