BACKGROUND Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance encountered in clinical practice, associated with increased mortality and length of hospital stay. However, no high-quality evidence regarding whether hypertonic saline is best administered as a continuous infusion or a bolus injection has been found to date. Therefore, in the current study, we will evaluate the efficacy and safet...

We have investigated the efficacy and safety of remifentanil in a patient-controlled analgesia device for labour in 21 women. Remifentanil was available in increasing doses (bolus doses 0.25-1.0 microg x kg(-1)) with and without a background infusion (0.025-0.05 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)). A lockout time of 2 min was used. Thirteen out of 21 (62%) women chose to continue using remifentanil up t...

Twelve ASA physical status I-III patients were enrolled in a double-blind, prospective, randomized, three-way, within-patient crossover study designed to determine the effect of two standard esmolol bolus doses (100 and 200 mg) on the haemodynamic response and seizure duration during electro-convulsive therapy (ECT). Esmolol or placebo was administered one minute prior to induction of anaesthes...

Salmonella typhimurium double leu-arg auxotrophs have been shown to be highly effective as antitumor agents in nude mouse models of human metastatic cancer. In order to proceed to clinical development of the S. typhimurium double auxotroph, termed A1-R, it is necessary to evaluate antitumor efficacy in immunocompetent mice. In the present study, we have observed the efficacy of A1-R on the Lewi...

BACKGROUND Patients consider multiple parameters in adjusting prandial insulin doses for optimal glycemic control. Difficulties in calculations can lead to incorrect doses or induce patients to administer fixed doses, rely on empirical estimates, or skip boluses. METHOD A multicenter study was conducted with 205 diabetes subjects who were on multiple daily injections of rapid/ short-acting in...

Metronomic chemotherapy refers to the close, regular administration of comparatively low doses of cytotoxic drugs, with minimal or no drug-free breaks, over prolonged periods. It is thought to have an antiangiogenic basis. However, whereas surprisingly durable and potent tumor responses have been observed in a number of preclinical tumor models, relapses usually eventually occur using this type...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and advantages of a patient-specific breast bolus made using a 3D printer technique. METHODS We used the anthropomorphic female phantom with breast attachments, which volumes are 200, 300, 400, 500 and 650 cc. We simulated the treatment for a right breast patient using parallel opposed tangential fields. Treatment plans were used to ...

Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a relatively unique drug in oncology because administration in different doses and schedules results in dramatically different patterns of qualitative toxicity. In the 41 years 5-FU has been available to the clinical oncologist, a wide variety of doses and schedules of this agent have been used. Infusional schedules are associated with less myelosuppression but may have m...

Aims Abciximab has previously been shown to enhance thrombolysis and improve myocardial perfusion when combined with reduced doses of alteplase. The purpose of the reteplase phase of TIMI 14 was to evaluate the effects of abciximab when used in combination with a reduced dose of reteplase for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Methods and Results Patients (n=299) with ST-elevation myocardial i...