This chapter reviews recent studies of catalytic reforming of logistic fuels at hightemperature. Aside from steam and autothermal reforming, special consideration is given to partial oxidation conditions. Natural gas, gasoline, diesel, and ethanol containing fuels are discussed. Methane and iso-octane as fuel surrogates are exemplarily used to explain the behavior of the reformers in particular...

Fuel cells are receiving widespread attention as an alternate source for clean energy, and one of the most important developments are proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) which operate using hydrogen at low temperatures. In the U.S., there is a considerable effort underway to develop H2 as the preferred fuel due to the potential for decreasing our dependence on imported oil, and the envi...

Dry reforming of methane for the production of hydrogen and syngas has attracted much attention from both industrial and environmental aspects. The major problem encountered in the application of this process is the rapid deactivation of the catalyst, which is mainly due to coke accumulation and sintering of the catalyst. As an alternative to reduce the coke formation, the combination of CO2 re...

Introduction Hydrogen as a fuel has recently been an important issue due to developments in fuel cell technology. Hydrogen production from sustainable sources, e.g. biomass, is gaining attention for a CO2 neutral energy supply. Recent developments in flash pyrolysis technologies make it possible to convert lignocellulosic biomass efficiently to a bio-oil, which is easier for handling and transp...

The partial oxidation and CO2 reforming of methane were studied on Pt/Al2O3, Pt/ZrO2, and Pt/ Ce–ZrO2 catalysts. The reducibility and the oxygen transfer capacity were evaluated by oxygen storage capacity (OSC). The effect of the support on the cleaning mechanism of the catalyst surface was investigated by the sequence of CH4/O2 and CH4/CO2 pulses. The Pt/Ce–ZrO2 catalyst showed the highest sta...

Exploiting the greenhouse gas CO2 as raw material could be more advantageous than its long-term storage. For instance, CO2 can be used on large scale for the production of COrich syngas with a H2/CO ratio of unity. Such a syngas can be used for the synthesis of commodity chemicals like aldehydes and ketones obtained through carbonylation of alkenes in hydroformulation and can be produced by CO2...

Exploitation of forest resources for energy production includes various methods of biomass processing. Gasification is one of the ways to recover energy from biomass. The Syngas produced from biomass can be used to power internal combustion engines, or, after purification, to supply fuel cells. The paper is summarizing results obtained through a non thermal arc plasma reactor at laboratory scal...

Abnormal growth of population and development enormously increases energy demand. In present scenario utilization of fossils fuels to meet this demand is not enough and also leads to pollution, global warming, climate change as well as natural disaster. Therefore, hydrogen as energy carrier is a major option on these prospects as it is non-polluting and renewable. The renewable hydrogen energy ...

The main motivation of the presented paper is to study the amplitude and location of the maximum temperature (Tmax) and maximum temperature gradient (DT/Dxmax), respectively, as well as the performance parameters of the modeled, single, planar, anodesupported, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with internal methane steam reforming at different operating conditions (i.e. current density and inlet vel...