Many individuals, organizations and countries have become involved in fighting corruption and safeguarding integrity. Among the examples are governmental institutions at all geographic levels as well as business corporations and integrity watchdogs (e.g. Transparency International, national Independent Anti Corruption Commissions). Many policy instruments and institutions to promote integrity h...

The international legal aspects of FAO's work aimed at improving the means combating IUU fishing are examined in article. It is provided updated information on progress made this topic. authors analyze FAO’s voluntary documents which adopted recent years preventing fishing. In addition, prospects for development new FAO area were identified. conclusion, question whether Russian Federation can i...

Environmental degradation in the world general, and Africa particular, is occurring on a scale of increasing concern. The challenge for public policy to change relationship between people their environment order reverse this trend. To end, an internal international context characterized by, one hand, establishment democracy rule law and, other, by globalization environmental following Rio Confe...

BACKGROUND In 2015 around 15 million people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa. Sustained provision of ART, though both prudent and necessary, creates substantial long-term fiscal obligations for countries affected by HIV/AIDS. As donor assistance for health remains constrained, novel financing mechanisms are needed to augment funding domestic so...

BACKGROUND Knee-specific quality-of-life instruments are commonly used outcome measures. However, they have not been compared for their ability to detect symptoms and disabilities important to patients. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 1. METHODS Subjective portions of 11 knee-specific instruments were consolidated. The frequency and importance of each item were ass...