The assessment and maintenance of perioperative blood volume is important because fluid therapy is a routine part of intraoperative care. In the past, patients undergoing major surgery were given large amounts of fluids because health-care providers were concerned about preoperative dehydration and intraoperative losses to a third space. In the last decade it has become clear that fluid therapy...

INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization has solicited rapid and minimally invasive techniques to facilitate scale-up of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC). STUDY DESIGN Non-blinded randomized controlled field trial with 2:1 allocation ratio. PARTICIPANTS 75 adult male volunteers. SETTING Outpatient primary care clinic. INTERVENTION Open surgical circumcision under local anest...

Intraoperative irradiation was implemented 4 decades ago, pioneering the efforts to improve precision in local cancer therapy by combining real-time surgical exploration/resection with high single dose radiotherapy (Gunderson et al., Intraoperative irradiation: techniques and results, 2011). Clinical and technical developments have led to very precise radiation dose deposit. The ability to deli...

Intraoperative hyperglycemia has been observed to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. Dextrose cardioplegia is used for its cardioprotective effects but may lead to intraoperative hyperglycemia and more postoperative complications. This was a retrospective observational study. Patient records (n = 2301) were accessed from a large database at a tertiary ca...

Recent advances in technology have allowed application of transesophageal echocardiography to intraoperative care of critically ill patients. Early clinical application primarily involved evaluation of left ventricular regional wall motion. However, valid intraoperative use of transesophageal echocardiography should also encompass systematic assessment of the entire heart as well as the great v...

Identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) using lymphoscintigraphy, the blue dye technique and intraoperative lymphatic mapping with a gamma-detecting probe has become the standard of care in diagnosing and treating melanoma. Numerous clinical studies have proven the reliability of predicting the histology of remaining lymph nodes in the lymphatic basin from the histologic evaluation of the...

We have reported the usefulness of the subxiphoid approach in thymectomy. However, such a new operation method may have unknown complications that rarely occur. Surgeons cannot completely avoid intraoperative and postoperative complications. We report a case of intraoperative injury of the orifice of the left internal thoracic vein flowing to the left brachiocephalic vein and postoperative peri...

Scoliosis surgery presents the anesthetist with specific clinical challenges. Since scoliosis is the most common problem for which patients of congenitally short stature present to the operating room, the preoperative evaluation of dwarfs is discussed here in the context of a patient with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita. In the case described, many of the deformities associated with dwar...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To investigate whether patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) developed unexpected perioperative complications. DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING Academic medical center. MEASUREMENTS The records of 13 patients with POTS, who underwent surgical procedures during general anesthesia, were studied. Details of disease management, anesthetic indu...

There is a high prevalence of anemia detected in the preoperative work-up of elective surgical patients preparing for total joint replacement. The impact of anemia in this population has significant implications due to elevations in postoperative morbidity and mortality. By using current clinical guidelines and medical evidence, clinicians can improve outcomes for these patients by employing a ...