in this paper, we define the notions of fuzzy congruence relations and fuzzy convex subalgebras on a commutative residuated lattice and we obtain some related results. in particular, we will show that there exists a one to one correspondence between the set of all fuzzy congruence relations and the set of all fuzzy convex subalgebras on a commutative residuated lattice. then we study fuzzy...

normal axial alignment restoration in lower extremities is crucial for surgeons performing reconstructive surgeries. since reference normal values of axial alignment are affected by age, sex, and ethical issues, we tried to scrutinize these parameters in iranian adults and compare them with normal values in literatures. through a cross-sectional design, standing axial alignment views of lower e...

The relationship between phylogenetic accuracy and congruence between data partitions collected from the same taxa was explored for mitochondrial DNA sequences from two well-supported vertebrate phylogenies. An iterative procedure was adopted whereby accuracy, phylogenetic signal, and congruence were measured before and after modifying a simple reconstruction model, equally weighted parsimony. ...

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We define an observational equivalence for Lafont’s interaction combinators, which we prove to be the least discriminating non-trivial congruence on total nets (nets admitting a deadlock-free normal form) respecting reduction. More interestingly, this equivalence enjoys an internal separation property similar to that of Böhm’s Theorem for the λ-calculus.

Hermite normal form and Smith normal form are canonic forms of integral matrices with respect to congruence produced by multiplication with right unimodular matrix resp. by multiplication with left and right unimodular matrix simultaneously. This lower-diagonal resp. diagonal form has many applications in various elds. Unfortunately, the computation of them is extremely resource consuming. The ...

Flat iteration is a variation on the original binary version of the Kleene star operation P Q, obtained by restricting the rst argument to be a sum of atomic actions. It generalizes pre x iteration, in which the rst argument is a single action. Complete nite equational axiomatizations are given for ve notions of bisimulation congruence over basic CCS with at iteration, viz. strong congruence, b...