The influence of red light and ultraviolet (UV)-A radiation on the single leaf photosynthesis and transpiration were investigated in two different plant-type rice cultivars: active tillering type, Hopumbyeo (HP) and low-tillering heavy panicle type, Shindongjinbyeo (SDJ) at maximum tiller number stage. An open photosynthesis measurement system was used to monitor CO2 exchange rate, which was de...

Salinity is a major yield reducing factor in coastal as well as arid irrigated rice production systems. Salt induced abiotic stress is an acute problem, interrupting the metabolic processes of plants, resulting in reduced growth and productivity. Proline is an amino acid which increases in plants under abiotic stress. Salinity stress affects the metabolism of plants leading to severe crop damag...

Sagitaria trifolia, Alisma plantago-aquatica and Echinochloa spp. are among the most important damaging weeds in paddy fields. In this research, Alternaria pellucida was isolated from the weeds and then its pathogenicity effects was examined on these weeds and five other rice cultivars, including two bred (Sepidroud and Khazar) and three landraces (Ali Kazemi, Hashemi and Binam), in a completel...

Salinity poses a major threat for agriculture worldwide. Rice is one of the major crops where most of the high-yielding cultivars are highly sensitive to salinity. Several studies on the genetic variability across rice cultivars suggest that the activity and composition of root plasma membrane transporters could underlie the observed cultivar-specific salinity tolerance in rice. In the current ...

The current difficulty facing risk evaluations of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops on nontarget arthropods (NTAs) is the lack of criteria for determining what represents unacceptable risk. In this study, we investigated the biological parameters in the laboratory and field population abundance of Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) on two Bt rice lines and the non-Bt parent, together w...

The huge variation in root system architecture (RSA) among different rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars is conferred by their genetic makeup and different growth or climatic conditions. Unlike model plant Arabidopsis, the molecular basis of such variation in RSA is very poorly understood in rice. Cultivars with stable variation are valuable resources for identification of genes involved in RSA and r...

DNA polymorphism is the basis to develop molecular markers that are widely used in genetic mapping today. A genome-wide rice (Oryza sativa) DNA polymorphism database has been constructed in this work using the genomes of Nipponbare, a cultivar of japonica, and 93-11, a cultivar of indica. This database contains 1,703,176 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 479,406 Insertion/Deletions (In...

limited, investments in irrigation have virtually ceased, high fertilizer use is causing concern about environmenGenetic improvement in grain yield has been intensively studied tal pollution from fertilizer losses, and rice lands are in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), and soybean [Glycine max being lost to non-rice uses in t...