human dental pulp inflammation can progress to periapical lesion formation and conventional root canal treatment (rct) has been the traditional method for disease management. this observational study presents two cases of vital pulp therapy in mature molars diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis and associated with apical periodontitis. in these two clinical cases, the involved teeth had deep car...

i ntroduction: deep and long-lasting anesthesia is essential throughout endodontic treatment. this study was conducted to compare the effect of adding fentanyl to epinephrine-containing lidocaine on depth and duration of local anesthesia in painful maxillary molars with irreversible pulpitis (irp). methods and materials: this randomized double-blind, clinical trial with parallel design was cond...

introduction : teeth with irreversible pulpitis usually undergo root canal therapy (rct). this treatment modality is often considered disadvantageous as it removes vital pulp tissue and weakens the tooth structure. a relatively new concept has risen which suggests vital pulp therapy (vpt) for irreversible pulpitis. vpt with calcium enriched mixture (vpt/cem) has demonstrated favorable treatment...

Starting to attain an important international language status in the world from 19th century onwards thanks many interrelated factors like British colonialism and later US-Britain cultural policies of expansion, English has achieved unprecedented prevalence usage different sectors ranging education tourism art literature sports. Today, it keeps its reign as lingua franca, reinforcing position b...