We address the existing gap between business process models and lawful states of business objects. This gap hinders compliance of business process models with internally and externally imposed regulations. Existing modelling methods such as BPMN and ArchiMate lack an explicitly declarative approach for capturing flow of business objects, their states and laws of state transitions. Such deficien...

Pairs of middle-aged twins and their spouses provided data on 74 mainly psychological variables. Neither spousal similarity nor idiosyncratic criteria could account for specific mate selection in these 738 couples. Of the twins (and their spouses), 547 independently rated their initial attraction to their twin's mate (or to their spouse's twin): Findings suggest that characteristics both of the...

a branch of the question of holy imams’ knowledge is sources of their knowledge. knowledge of sources of imams’ knowledge is a clear criterion for kind of encountering their words. in hadiths, a writing called al-jami‘a, sometimes named al-sahifa, is considered among sources of imams’ knowledge. along with “thousand doors of knowledge,” al-jami‘a is one of imam ali’s two main sources of knowled...

Front-line journalists are high-value targets, and their enemies will spare no expense to silence them. Unfortunately, journalists can be betrayed by their own tools. Their smartphones are also the perfect tracking device. Because of the precedent set by the US’s “third-party doctrine,” which holds that metadata on such signals enjoys no meaningful legal protection, governments and powerful pol...

R everse engineering has always been a lawful way to acquire trade secrets embodied in mass-marketed products. This longstanding principle—on which software engineers as well as engineers in other fields so frequently rely— could be significantly undermined depending on the outcome of a case now pending before the California Supreme Court. The precedent set in this case could, in turn, influenc...

Illusions confuse and bias the machinery in the brain that constructs our representations of the world, because they reveal a discrepancy between what we perceive and what is objectively out there in the world. But both illusions and accurate perceptions are governed by the same lawful perceptual processes. Despite the deceptive simplicity of illusions, there are no fully agreed theories about ...