Aim: A commonly used method to examine the ability of the visual system to discriminate colours is based on isochromatic plates, such as the Ishihara plates. This article will introduce a computer-based method to determine red–green colour deficiencies based on presenting Ishihara plates using a CRT monitor. Method: The spectral emission of the reflected daylight of the plates was compared with...

one of the main problems of the drug abusers is drug related attention bias, which causes craving, and as a result drive the drug abusers to take narcotics. methadone is used as a maintenance treatment for drug abusers. the purpose of this study is evaluation of the effect of methadone maintenance therapy (mmt) on selective attention and drug related attention bias. this study investigated drug...

THIS is an attempt to describe the disability in red-green blindness. It is not an account of the physiology of normal colour vision, nor of the abnormality of the cone cells of the retina in red-green blindness, nor of the genetics of the trait. It does not consider total colour blindness, or colour agnosia, or defects in colour memory. It must be remembered however that the trait is borne as ...

PURPOSE To evaluate refractive errors in school age children with color vision deficiency (CVD) and those with normal color vision (NCV) in order to make a better understanding of the emmetropization process. METHODS A total of 4,400 primary school students aged 7-12 years were screened for color vision using Ishihara pseudoisochromatic color vision plate sets. Of these, 160 (3.6%) students h...

The Chinese mainland species of the leafhopper genus Nephotettix Matsumura (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) (Nephotettix cincticeps (Uhler), Nephotettix malayanus Ishihara & Kawase, Nephotettix nigropictus (Stål), Nephotettix parvus Ishihara & Kawase rec. n., and Nephotettix virescens (Distant)) are reviewed. This genus is redescribed. Variation is described and illustrated...

INTRODUCTION Shade is one of the most important attributes when evaluating the success of a restoration. Several factors can influence the visual shade matching process, and therefore the outcome of the final restoration. OBJECTIVES 1. to assess the importance of clinical experience on shade matching accuracy; 2. to assess the influence of two standard light sources on the ability to match sh...

The Front Cover shows the Ishihara test plate of a dimeric zinc tripyrrin complex. This compound is side product Adler-Longo porphyrin synthesis, which has been overlooked for more than half century. It now found to act as key intermediate in formation branched oligopyrroles like porphodimethenes. detection and isolation metalated unraveling its special reactivity were only possible after attem...