This review presents a perspective on recent advances in understanding neutral ISM structure in external galaxies. Hi is a fundamental probe of galactic baryonic material, and its structure and distribution offer vital signatures of dynamical and evolutionary processes that drive star formation and galaxy evolution. New, high-resolution Hi data cubes for external galaxies now reveal the feature...

From the analysis of AGASA data above 4 × 10 eV, we show that the ultra-high energy cosmic rays flux is neither purely isotropic, nor reflects the expected anisotropy from a pure source distribution that maps large scale structure in the local universe. The arrival distribution seems to be the result of a mixture of fluxes (e.g., dark matter halo plus large scale structure) or the superposition...

This article proposes an automatic generation method of a relation matrix for Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). In ISM, keywords related to the problem are selected. Then the relation between two arbitrary keyword pairs is examined. When there is a relation between these two keywords, a non-zero value such as 1 is assigned to this relation. After examining the relations of all pairs of k...

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is the fundamental environmental management in urban area, the characteristic of uncontrolled burning of wastes and improper incineration contributes significantly to urban air pollution needed for citizen life. This study proposed 18 criteria on Taipei metropolitan using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) with interrelationships among the criteria, i...

The feedback effects of massive stars on their galactic and intergalactic environments can dominate evolutionary processes in galaxies and affect cosmic structure in the Universe. Only the Local Group offers the spatial resolution to quantitatively study feedback processes on a variety of scales. Lyman continuum radiation from hot, luminous stars ionizes H ii regions and is believed to dominate...

High–resolution 2D–MHD numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the effects of continuing infall of clumpy gas in extended H i galactic disks. Given a certain accretion rate, the response of the disk depends on its surface gas density and temperature. For Galactic conditions at a galactocentric distance of ∼ 20 kpc, and for mass accretion rates consistent with current empirica...

We report deep, high spectral resolution WSRT H I 21cm observations of four high latitude compact radio sources, that have revealed a new population of tiny, discrete clouds in the diffuse ISM, with peak optical depths τ ∼ 0.1−2%, H I column densities of 0.4–8 ×1018 cm−2 and core temperatures of 20–80 K. Imaging detections confirm these low column densities and imply linear core dimensions of a...

The gas phase spectrum of the cyclic C18 molecule recorded in the laboratory at a temperature typical of diffuse interstellar clouds is compared with absorption features toward Oph and HD 204827 in the 5730–5934 8 region. For the origin band at 5928.5 8 an upper limit to the column density of 1:8 ; 10 cm 2 is inferred. The origin band pattern in the laboratory spectrum changes on lowering the i...

In this paper we propose to link Markov Chain Monte Carlo – MCMC in the spirit of (Dick, Torr, and Cipolla, 2004) with information from Implicit Shape Models – ISM (Leibe and Schiele, 2004) and with Plane Sweeping (Werner and Zisserman, 2002) for the 3D interpretation of building facades, particularly for determining windows and their 3D extent. The approach starts with a (possibly uncalibrated...