The reasons for replacing the classical strictly two-component velocity and equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation Svedberg equations by multicomponent equations, applicable in the study of biological macromolecular systems, are given.

Background: Exosomes in synovial fluid (SF) has a close relationship with the pathogenesis of rheumatiod arthritis. As complex biological fluid, SF presents challenges for exosomes isolation using standard methods, such as Exoquick TM kit and ultracentrifugation. Objectives: The study aims to compared quality separated by (TM), kit+Exoquick TC (TM-TC), ultracentrifugation (UC) TM-TC+UC(TM-TC-UC...

#National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, Department of Biochemistry, Leicester University, University Road, Leicester, LEI1 7RH, UK. +MRC Cellular Immunology Unit, Sir William Dunn School of pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX I 3RE, UK. National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Nottingham University, Sutton Boningto...

A direct link between a Vlasov equation and the equations of motion of a rotating fluid with an effective pressure depending only on a pseudo-density is illustrated. In this direct link, the resulting fluid equations necessarily appear in flux conservative form when there are no topographical and rotational terms. In contrast, multilayer isopycnic and isentropic equations used in atmosphere and...

The Picornaviridae are a diverse family of RNA viruses including many pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Classically considered "nonenveloped," recent studies show that some picornaviruses, notably hepatitis A virus (HAV; genus Hepatovirus) and some members of the Enterovirus genus, are released from cells nonlytically in membranous vesicles. To better understand the biogenesis of ...

The plasma of rhesus monkeys which were fed a normal chow diet was shown to contain several low density lipoproteins of which three major species, namely, LDL-I, LDL-II, and LDL-III were isolated by a combination of isopycnic and rate zonal density gradient ultracentrifugation. Of the 30 animals tested, 28 contained LDL-I and LDL-II, and 15 had, in addition to the first two components, LDL-III....

During lactation, cows develop greatly increased levels of plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL), including a population of particles of larger size than normal human plasma HDL. To study the relationship between lipoprotein size and organization of their core lipids, HDL from lactating Jersey and Holstein cows were fractionated by isopycnic density gradient ultracentrifugation, and individual...