employed, confining himself to those which he had personally found best and adding brief accounts of other accepted methods. Unusually full reports of interesting cases were always a feature of the book, whilst the needs of candidates for the higher examinations were catered for in detailed descriptions of amputations, ligation of arteries and other operations which figure more prominently in t...

1.1. Strictly Cyclic Modules and Modular Right Ideals. For a ring A with identity, cyclic modules are precisely those of the form a\A where a is a right ideal. What might be a useful analogous statement for a ring without identity? This question motivates what follows in this subsection. A module M is strictly cyclic if there exists m in M such that mA = M (such an m is called a generator); a r...

We consider a variation of the classical Turán-type extremal problem as introduced by Erdős, Jacobson and Lehel in [4]. Let π be an n-element graphic sequence and let H be a graph. We wish to determine the smallest even integer m such that any n-term graphic sequence π having degree sum at least m has some realization containing H as a subgraph. Denote this value m by σ(H,n). For an arbitrarily...