There is a limited understanding of the normal function of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LP) and the role that this muscle plays in temporomandibular disorders. This article addresses the hypothesis that a major function of the LP is in the control of horizontal jaw movements. The range of fiber alignments suited to generating a major horizontal force vector (magnitude and direction), together ...

OBJECTIVES To test the hypotheses that Parkinson's disease can differentially produce deficits in voluntary and rhythmic jaw movements, which involve different neuronal circuits, and that levodopa treatment improves specific components of the motor deficit. METHODS Patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and control subjects were tested on a series of jaw motor tasks that included simple...

The purpose of the experiment was to explore relations between jaw and laryngeal functions. The general question was whether laryngeal adduction was affected by jaw opening or by jaw biting. Twelve untrained, vocally healthy male and female adults participated as subjects. Subjects produced repeated tokens of /uh/ in each of 12 experimental conditions involving combinations of 3 jaw openings (1...

Recent studies have demonstrated the ability of subjects to adjust the control of limb movements to counteract the effects of self-generated loads. The degree to which subjects change control signals to compensate for these loads is a reflection of the extent to which forces affecting movement are represented in motion planning. Here, we have used empirical and modeling studies to examine wheth...

PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the relationship between jaw opening force and hyoid bone dynamics and resting position in elderly individuals based on gender. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects were 36 healthy elderly individuals aged ≥65 years without dysphagia (16 men and 20 women; mean age 75.5 years, range 65-88 years). Videofluorographic images during the swallowing of 10 mL of 40% (w/v)...

Osteonecrosis of the jaw, in association with bisphosphonates (BRONJ) used for treating osteoporosis or cancer, is a severe and most often irreversible side effect whose underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Osteocytes are involved in bone remodeling and mineralization where they orchestrate the delicate equilibrium between osteoclast and osteoblast activity and throu...

introduction: in open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of mandibular fracture, the fixation technique used is very important in reducing post-operative complications and promoting the healing process. this study assessed the results of fixation of the mandible using two mini-plates perpendicular to each other in the lower border of the mandible for fracture treatment.    materi...

Maximum jaw gape is a performance variable related to feeding and non-feeding oral behaviors, such as canine gape displays, and is influenced by several factors including jaw-muscle fiber architecture, muscle position on the skull, and jaw morphology. Maximum gape, jaw length, and canine height are strongly correlated across catarrhine primates, but relationships between gape and other aspects ...