The Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB) is a rare oasis in the Chihuahuan Desert in the state of Coahuila, Mexico. It has a biological endemism similar to that of the Galapagos Islands, and its spring-fed ecosystems have very low nutrient content (nitrogen or phosphorous) and are dominated by diverse microbialites. Thus, it has proven to be a distinctive opportunity for the field of astrobiology, as th...

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have led the way in the treatment of aqueous waste and are rapidly becoming the chosen technology for many applications. In this paper, COD reduction potential of leather tanning industry wastewaters by Electro-Fenton (EF) oxidation, as one of the AOPs, was experimentally evaluated. The wastewater sample was taken from an outlet of an equalization basin in a ...

In die Suid-Afrikaanse situasie is die verpleegkundige 'n kernfiguur in die lewering van primêre gesondheidsorgdienste. In die voorsiening van ’n veilige omgewing het sy ’n sekondêre rol in behoefteidentifisering en voorligting en dieselfde geld vir die aspek van toereikende voeding. Haar rol in basiese voorkomende gesondheidsorg en die sorg van bejaardes, gestremdes en chroniese siekes word re...

The goal of this paper is to present an explanation of the axiom of function extensionality in dependent type theory. This extends naturally to a model of type theory where a type is interpreted by a Kan semisimplicial set and we also present this generalization. The technique for explaining extensionality for simple type theory goes back to Takeuti [24] and Gandy [7]. The basic idea is already...

Mutations causing resistance to aminoglycosides, such as kanamycin (KAN), amikacin (AMK), and streptomycin, are not completely understood. In this study, polymorphisms of aminoglycoside resistance influencing genes such as rrs, eis, rpsL, and gidB in 41 drug-resistant and 17 pan-sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Latvia were analyzed. Mutation A1400G in rrs gene was detec...

BW25113/MG1655 growth assays The bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study are listed in Table S1. Growth experiments with E. coli strain BW25113 and MG1655 were conducted in LB medium at 37°C. Growth experiments were monitored using pBS(Kan)-based plasmids [1]. To construct pBS(Kan)-based plasmids for producing MqsR, MqsA-F, and MqsR-MqsA-F from a lac promoter, the fragments from genom...

Norovirus (NoV) orsakar den s.k. vinterkräksjukan vilken är den vanligaste formen av akut mag-tarm inflammation i världen. Symptomen kan variera men består oftast av våldsamma kräkningar och diarré. Årligen infekteras över 250 miljoner människor med NoV vilket leder till att ungefär 200 000 barn dör, de flesta i utvecklingsländer. NoV orsakar ofta stora sjukdomsutbrott i slutna miljöer som sjuk...

BACKGROUND The DevR(DosR) regulon is implicated in hypoxic adaptation and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The present study was designed to decipher the impact of perturbation in DevR-mediated signaling on these properties. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS M. tb complemented (Comp) strains expressing different levels of DevR were constructed in Mut1* background (expressing DevR N-termi...

Escherichia coli is the most common cause of community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI). During murine cystitis, uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) utilizes type 1 pili to bind and invade superficial bladder epithelial cells. UPEC then replicates within to form intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs), a process whose genetic determinants are as yet undefined. In this study, we investigated t...